Global Warming and Water Resources Essay

Climate change is a global problem. Its causes a string of effects but particularly, it affects water resources. As global warming affects the marine ecosystems and as it contributes to the melting of the polar ice caps, mankind is facing a bleaker future. Climate change, also known as global warming or the greenhouse effect is caused by the excessive amounts of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere. These greenhouse gases prevent heat from escaping the atmosphere resulting in a considerable warming of temperature. This phenomenon results in many problems. This greenhouse effect is natural and without it, the Earth would be too cold to sustain the current ecosystem, but the problem is the warming of the planet is reaching very high levels (West, What is the Greenhouse). The melting of the polar ice caps is a major concern especially when talking of global warming. One particular aspect is that the melting of the polar ice caps will result in rising sea levels. According to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, sea levels would rise by as much as 230 feet if all the polar ice caps melted. This will provide a threat to people especially those living near the coastlines (5 Deadliest Effects, 2007). The ice caps are formed from fresh water and the melting of these polar ice caps makes seawater more saline. Thus, it creates an imbalance in the marine ecosystem. In one case, swarms of jellywish invaded the waters near the coastline where they usually do not reside in. A survey by Oceana indicated that they are ten jellyfish for every square meter in some coastal areas in Spain. According to Frances Peters from the Institute of Marine Science in Barcelona, higher water temperature and higher water salinity forces these creatures to move to waters near the coastline (BBC, 2008). The melting of the ice caps also threatens different species of animals in the arctic region. Due to the changes in their natural habitat, some animals in this part of the world may find it hard to adapt to the changes which can ultimately lead to their extinction (5 Deadliest Effects, 2007). Climate change also results in seawater turning into acid. Excess carbon dioxide is absorbed by the sea and when carbon dioxide is mixed with seawater, a weak type of carbonic acid is formed. Erosion provides the waters with a natural buffer to the acid which is the calcium coming from rocks that underwent weathering. However, rising carbon dioxide levels have began to alter this balance. The rising acidity of seawater poses a threat to the thriving marine ecosystems including the corals (Spotts, 2004). A huge portion of the Earth is water and water is a main component of life. If water resources are affected by climate change, thus, all living things would be affected. A disturbance in the balance of marine life as an effect of global warming will affect the world’s food supply since many people rely on fish as food. Coral bleaching results in the fish having no food or shelter (Markey, 2006). Climate change has also resulted in many problems for people such as droughts and floods. These two incidents affect food production. Droughts constitutes in the absence of an irrigation system for the field while floods destroy planted crops. Drinking water also becomes a problem in some extreme cases of droughts (Struck, 2007) Experts indicate that it is not too late to stop global warming. It may be prevented by cutting down on the greenhouse gas emissions which is why the Kyoto Protocol came into existence. The Kyoto Protocol aims to bring down emission levels of countries that have ratified it. The United States refused to ratify the Kyoto Protocol which 178 countries signed on the ground that it will have severe economic effects on the country. Many criticized the administration of George W. Bush for such a response (West, Should the United). Methods of limiting greenhouse gas emissions can be done to curb the problem such as using more environment-friendly means of transportation and resorting to energy sources that produce no greenhouse gas emissions. These can be done by countries to limit their greenhouse gas emissions to comply with the demands of the protocol. Electrcic cars or other alternative vehicles that produce no emissions should be adopted. Using coal to produce electricity should also be put to a halt since it produces huge amounts of carbon dioxide. There are many alternative energy sources aside from fossil fuels such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy an hydroelectric energy. All these can produce virtually no amount of greenhouse gases and are even more economical. If every nation would adopt these steps, global warming could easily be stopped and reversed. The challenge here is the transition. It would take great effort to completely change all energy sources to more environment-friendy energy sources. The use of non-fossil-fuel-powered vehicles may also be difficult to adopt since not all people can afford to get a new vehicle at a given time. Adopting these steps eliminate dependence on oil and oil-producing countries. On the other side of the fence, these steps would result in decreased revenues from oil which could render some people jobless. Educating the public would also be an important step to make them more aware. This would not be too hard as a process since the media is now becoming more aware of environmental concerns such as global warming. Politicians are also starting to put attention on the subject. All these steps must start from government efforts since they have the resources and the attention of the public. The steps must be done in large scale proportions. Even little efforts to help decrease greenhouse gas emissions but the cooperation of everyone is needed to really have an effect. Legislating laws to demand compliance would be a viable step.

Balanced Diet Essay

Maintaining a healthy balanced diet is important for maintaining optimal health throughout life. For women of childbearing age, good nutrition is important for preparing the body for the demands of pregnancy. During pregnancy, a woman’s macronutrient (energy) and micronutrient (e.g. vitamins, mineral) requirements increase, and it is even more important that she consumes food which will give her both the energy and the specific micronutrients which are essential for maintaining her and her growing baby’s health. For example, women require an additional 240 calories of energy per day in the second trimester and 452 calories per day in the third trimester of pregnancy to account for foetal growth. An additional 975 milligrams of iron is required in the course of the pregnancy to form foetal and additional maternal blood. While nutritional supplements can provide large quantities of particular micronutrients, a healthy balanced diet should form the basis of a woman’s nutritional intake. Good nutrition is most important immediately prior to conception and during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy (including the very early stages, when the woman is unaware she is pregnant). It is therefore important for women to maintain a healthy diet throughout their childbearing years, and particularly if they are planning to become pregnant.In addition to regular exercise, a healthy well balanced diet is essential for good health. Life or rather the quality of life you have is dependent on having good health. A well balanced diet would contain the three main groups of food as well as important vitamins and minerals. The first group of carbohydrates are found in foods such as bread, potatoes and rice. They are essentially energy giving foods which power the muscles and other tissues in our body. The next class of food is the proteins which form the solid part in all living cells. They are commonly found in milk, met and fish, and are necessary for the body to build new cells and repair old damaged ones. For this very reason growing children require a greater intake of the different kinds of proteins as compared to adults. Lastly we have fats which are also energy-living foods but do not give it up as quickly as carbohydrates because their molecular structure is designed to render them ideal as storage foods. As children are much more active than adults they use up more energy for their size and therefore require more energy giving foods such as  carbohydrates. To this end fats are unsuitable. Moreover too much of a fatty food intake at an early age may lead to a problem with obesity in later life. In adults fatty deposits on the walls of the blood vessels in the form of cholesterol may lead to all kinds of heart ailments. In addition to the foods above the body also needs small quantities of protective substances called vitamins and minerals. They are normally present in a sensible diet. For example vitamins A and D are found in some fatty foods. Vitamin D is important along with the mineral calcium, found in milk, for the formation of bones. Vitamin B is found in the husks of wheat or rice ad vitamin C in fresh fruits such as oranges and lemons. Important minerals such as potassium, zinc and iron are present in traces n most foods too. In addition to regular exercise, a healthy well balanced diet is essential for good health. Life or rather the quality of life you have is dependent on having good health. A well balanced diet would contain the three main groups of food as well as important vitamins and minerals. The first group of carbohydrates are found in foods such as bread, potatoes and rice. They are essentially energy giving foods which power the muscles and other tissues in our body. The next class of food is the proteins which form the solid part in all living cells. They are commonly found in milk, met and fish, and are necessary for the body to build new cells and repair old damaged ones. For this very reason growing children require a greater intake of the different kinds of proteins as compared to adults. Lastly we have fats which are also energy-living foods but do not give it up as quickly as carbohydrates because their molecular structure is designed to render them ideal as storage foods. As children are much more active than adults they use up more energy for their size and therefore require more energy giving foods such as carbohydrates. To this end fats are unsuitable. Moreover too much of a fatty food intake at an early age may lead to a problem with obesity in later life. In adults fatty deposits on the walls of the blood vessels in the form of cholesterol may lead to all kinds of heart ailments. In addition to the foods above the body also needs small quantities of protective substances called vitamins and minerals. They are normally present in a sensible diet. For example vitamins A and D are found in some fatty foods. Vitamin D is important along with the mineral calcium, found in milk, for the formation of bones. Vitamin B is found in the husks of wheat or rice ad vitamin C in fresh fruits such as oranges and lemons. Important minerals such as potassium, zinc and iron are present in traces n most foods too. In addition to regular exercise, a healthy well balanced diet is essential for good health. Life or rather the quality of life you have is dependent on having good health. A well balanced diet would contain the three main groups of food as well as important vitamins and minerals. The first group of carbohydrates are found in foods such as bread, potatoes and rice. They are essentially energy giving foods which power the muscles and other tissues in our body. The next class of food is the proteins which form the solid part in all living cells. They are commonly found in milk, met and fish, and are necessary for the body to build new cells and repair old damaged ones. For this very reason growing children require a greater intake of the different kinds of proteins as compared to adults. Lastly we have fats which are also energy-living foods but do not give it up as quickly as carbohydrates because their molecular structure is designed to render them ideal as storage foods. As children are much more active than adults they use up more energy for their size and therefore require more energy giving foods such as carbohydrates. To this end fats are unsuitable. Moreover too much of a fatty food intake at an early age may lead to a problem with obesity in later life. In adults fatty deposits on the walls of the blood vessels in the form of cholesterol may lead to all kinds of heart ailments. In addition to the foods above the body also needs small quantities of protective substances called vitamins and minerals. They are normally present in a sensible diet. For example vitamins A and D are found in some fatty foods. Vitamin D is important along with the mineral  calcium, found in milk, for the formation of bones. Vitamin B is found in the husks of wheat or rice ad vitamin C in fresh fruits such as oranges and lemons. Important minerals such as potassium, zinc and iron are present in traces n most foods too. In addition to regular exercise, a healthy well balanced diet is essential for good health. Life or rather the quality of life you have is dependent on having good health. A well balanced diet would contain the three main groups of food as well as important vitamins and minerals. The first group of carbohydrates are found in foods such as bread, potatoes and rice. They are essentially energy giving foods which power the muscles and other tissues in our body. The next class of food is the proteins which form the solid part in all living cells. They are commonly found in milk, met and fish, and are necessary for the body to build new cells and repair old damaged ones. For this very reason growing children require a greater intake of the different kinds of proteins as compared to adults. Lastly we have fats which are also energy-living foods but do not give it up as quickly as carbohydrates because their molecular structure is designed to render them ideal as storage foods. As children are much more active than adults they use up more energy for their size and therefore require more energy giving foods such as carbohydrates. To this end fats are unsuitable. Moreover too much of a fatty food intake at an early age may lead to a problem with obesity in later life. In adults fatty deposits on the walls of the blood vessels in the form of cholesterol may lead to all kinds of heart ailments. In addition to the foods above the body also needs small quantities of protective substances called vitamins and minerals. They are normally present in a sensible diet. For example vitamins A and D are found in some fatty foods. Vitamin D is important along with the mineral calcium, found in milk, for the formation of bones. Vitamin B is found in the husks of wheat or rice ad vitamin C in fresh fruits such as oranges and lemons. Important minerals such as potassium, zinc and iron are present in traces n most foods too. In addition to regular exercise, a healthy well balanced diet is essential for good health. Life or rather the quality of  life you have is dependent on having good health. A well balanced diet would contain the three main groups of food as well as important vitamins and minerals. The first group of carbohydrates are found in foods such as bread, potatoes and rice. They are essentially energy giving foods which power the muscles and other tissues in our body. The next class of food is the proteins which form the solid part in all living cells. They are commonly found in milk, met and fish, and are necessary for the body to build new cells and repair old damaged ones. For this very reason growing children require a greater intake of the different kinds of proteins as compared to adults. Lastly we have fats which are also energy-living foods but do not give it up as quickly as carbohydrates because their molecular structure is designed to render them ideal as storage foods. As children are much more active than adults they use up more energy for their size and therefore require more energy giving foods such as carbohydrates. To this end fats are unsuitable. Moreover too much of a fatty food intake at an early age may lead to a problem with obesity in later life. In adults fatty deposits on the walls of the blood vessels in the form of cholesterol may lead to all kinds of heart ailments. In addition to the foods above the body also needs small quantities of protective substances called vitamins and minerals. They are normally present in a sensible diet. For example vitamins A and D are found in some fatty foods. Vitamin D is important along with the mineral calcium, found in milk, for the formation of bones. Vitamin B is found in the husks of wheat or rice ad vitamin C in fresh fruits such as oranges and lemons. Important minerals such as potassium, zinc and iron are present in traces n most foods too.

Characteristics Of Major Agro Ecological Zones Environmental Sciences Essay

Characteristics Of Major Agro Ecological Zones Environmental Sciences Essay Africa is a very large continent with extremely wide range of soils (Bationo et al., 2006). The soils range from shallow with meager life-sustaining capacities to deeply weathered profiles that recycle and support large biomass. In many parts of Africa, inappropriate land use, poor management and lack of inputs have led to soil erosion, salinization and loss of vegetation resulting in a decline of agricultural productivity (Bationo et al., 2006). In Africa and particularly Southern Africa, the most limiting factor to agricultural productivity is soil fertility (Ramaru et al., 2000). Soil fertility is defined as a condition of the soil that enables it to provide nutrients in adequate amounts and in proper balance for the growth of specified plants when other growth factors, such as light, water, temperature, and physical, chemical and biological conditions of soil, are favorable (van der Watt and van Rooyen, 1995). Large areas of sub-Saharan African (SSA) soils, in particular, are af fected by various types of degradation, including fertility decline (FAO, 2001). Soil fertility decline is a deterioration of chemical, physical and biological soil properties. The main contributing processes, besides soil erosion, are: decline in organic matter and soil biological activity; degradation of soil structure and loss of other soil physical qualities; reduction in availability of major nutrients (N, P, K) and micro-nutrients; and increase in toxicity, due to acidification or pollution (FAO, 2001). Soils in most of SSA have inherently low fertility and do not receive adequate nutrient replenishment (FAO, 2001). The SSA has the lowest mineral fertilizer consumption, about 10 kg nutrients (N, P2O5, K2O)/ha per year, compared to the world average of 90 kg, 60 kg in the Near East and 130 kg/ha per year in Asia (Stoorvogel and Smaling, 1990). Agricultural growth in sub-Saharan African countries slightly increased over the past three decades, although not in line with the high population growth rate (FAO, 2001). Food production per capita in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has declined since the 1970s, in contrast with the increase in Asia and South America (Figure 1.1). Soil productivity in SSA is also constrained by aridity (low rainfall) and acidity (FAO, 2001) (Table 1.1). South Africa has to face high population growth, poverty, accelerated soil degradation and increasing pressure on land (FAO, 1999b) (Table 1.1). Depletion of soil fertility, along with the related problems of weeds, pests, and diseases, is a major biophysical cause of low per capita food production in Africa. This is the result of the breakdown of traditional practices and the low priority given by governments to the rural sector (Sanchez, 1997). The 1996 World Food Summit highlighted sub-Saharan Africa as the remaining region in the world with decreasing food production per capita (Figure 1.1). The worst levels of poverty and malnutrition in the world exist in this region (Sanchez et al., 1997). A team of scientists has identified declining soil fertility as the fundamental agronomic cause for declining food productivity in Africa. A â€Å"Soil Fertility Initiative for Africa† has been created by a group of international organizations including the World Bank, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), International Center for Research on Agroforestry (ICRAF), International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC), International Fertilizer Association (IFA), and International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).

The Concept of Criminal Justice and Society Essay

The Concept of Criminal Justice and Society - Essay Example It has become a known fact that the Westwood Community has some serious issues of illegal youth activity escalating. Underage drinking and illegal street racing have begun to create an unsafe environment for not only the young people involved but the residents of the neighborhood in general. To combat this issue the SARA method has been placed into affect to try and analyze and distinguish the causative factors into the behaviors that are currently taking place. An in-depth study of the Westwood community showed that the young people involved in deviant activities were being influenced by outside factors that were not found to be a part of the neighborhood. Officers investigating these activities believed that the young people were not looking for trouble necessarily, but rather experimenting in the behaviors. However, their actions showed that they were putting a great risk of endangerment onto their own lives, as well as innocent drivers on the streets. The officers also noted that the age range of the drinking behavior seemed to be situated around youths who were in the bracket of 13- 18 years of age. The occurrence of underage drinking is normally found to be in this category, as well as in the 12-20 years of age population, and the 18-20 age group population (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2006). One of the main detectable factors leading to the drinking had a lot to do with the peer pressure that was observed from a dist ance by the investigating officers. Unfortunately, this is one of the prime reasons that young people begin to drink initially. Gathered data details that a number of fourth graders, and a good percentage of sixth graders felt pressurized to drink, and if they didn't they were told they would get picked on and ridiculed in front of their friends during school (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2006). The investigation team has decided to discuss the underlying causes and conditions with the community action team of Westwood in the hopes that a reliable and effective plan can be put in place to put an end to the activities occurring. The four main concerns that have been pinpointed are seemingly acceptable in order to move forward to correct the problems before they escalate, or someone gets hurt. Underage Youth Driving while Drinking Community Disturbance Promoting a Danger to Other Members of the Community Possible Criminal Damage Taking Place Analysis The investigating officers are planning on making a schedule to observe exactly what times and days the juveniles are gathering together to engage in the street racing and drinking. It is believed that by doing this, more identifiable hotspots can be pinpointed in other areas of the community, and the main causative factors will be readily identifiable. By investigating the causes, the investigation can move further and finally be able to try and take control of the situation by coming to a credible and logical way of putting an end to the illegal intentions of the juveniles. Highlighting the days on which the activity is most prevalent will help in determining when to use legal means to get the disorder stabilized and finally under control. One main cause for the street racing has already been

Invention of a New Product Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Invention of a New Product - Essay Example When customers are changing the cartridges, they might fill them with wrong colors, which destroys the product and the quality of the printed colors. This has been the basis of the product design as Xerox Multi-Color Cartridge is created to allow the customer to feed primary colors to the same cartridge, which mixes them to provide the best quality printing as per the customer specifications. Customers value their documents and do not want to stain their clothes with colors. Therefore, the problem of having to deal with different cartridges have to be solved. This has been giving the users problems and a risk of losing the cartridges due to mixing colors. As a result, the Idea of the product has been developed to solve the problem of having to mix-up the cartridges and using the wrong colors for cartridges. The customers use for offices, commercial purposes, and at home Xerox products. The Xerox Multi-Color Cartridge is a product targeted to customers who use printing and photocopy machines for commercial purposes. This market segment consists of people in need of the highest quality of printing and highly class of tidiness for customer material. They also do not have time to keep refilling different cartridges with different colors. Xerox is among the most successful companies in the world dealing with printing and document processing machines. The Xerox Multi-Color Cartridge stands a chance of being highly successful, as people, who associate Xerox with high quality, will purchase it. Product pricing is a delicate aspect for the product introduction process. Xerox Multi-Color Cartridge will be priced higher than all other cartridges in the market. This pricing strategy is known as skimming, where the high prices is meant to imply high quality and attract customers from the high end of the market (Gebhardt 1). Like any other products in the market, Xerox Multi-Color Cartridge faces competition from rival

Yemaya Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Yemaya - Essay Example I like Verbena Perfume. I am a wise and virtuous mother and the real time as I enjoy dancing. When I am dancing I start slowly and gratefully but I swirls and moves my skirts to demonstrate the rhythm of the waves (Hudes, Quiara Yemayas Belly 29). I build up speed and intensity that shows my immense power. I like seashells, fish, nets, sea horses, anchors and anything associated with the sea. I associate with the stars and the full moon, ducks, and peacocks. My realm is part of the ocean inhabited by plants, fish, and other marine life used by human for food. I am efficient at divination and leaned consultas through hiding behind the door and spying on my husband, Orula. I listen and offer maternal love to any person that needs a mother. I am the great mother who lives and rules of the seas. I control water (part of the sea known to humans) that is vital to life and without me, and life on earth is impossible. No one can defeat me in wars on behalf of my children as I wield a machete with expertise. I control the creative and nurturing forces of the sea (LachatanÃŒÆ'ereÃŒ , Crombet, Christine, Castellanos, Curbelo, and Siegfried 54). I do consultas for clients with epuele (divination chain used by babalawos) despite being a reserved for men. I am the Patron of pregnant women and a spiritual mother of those who feel lonely and lost. I rule over the surface of the Ocean where life is concentrated. I am worshiped in Haitian Vodou as a Moon Goddess, and I protect mothers and their children. Orula is my husband that made a pact with me and told me that I could use the dilogun (cowrie shells) to divine. Through this arrangement, I was able to usher in the custom of using the dilogun shells. Santeros and Santeras employ conduct consults with the cowries while babalawos (priest of Orula) like me use the epuele chain. I am the daughter of Olokun and times Obatala, Orula, Agayu, babalu Aye, Orisha, Oko and Ogun were my husbands at different times. I am the elder

Attraction of Developed Markets for Emerging Market Brands Essay - 1

Attraction of Developed Markets for Emerging Market Brands - Essay Example This paper illustrates emerging markets as the markets or nations that have economies classified as being in their relatively early development stages. These nations’ financial markets are less developed compared to the major financial centers from all over the world. However, these markets are becoming increasingly integrated and sophisticated into the international and developed markets. The emerging markets spread across the globe and they differ extensively in their cultures, political, and economic behavior, as well as in factors that drive their market growth. There has been an increasing attraction of the developed markets for the emerging market brands, though they face numerous challenges. Emerging markets face numerous challenges in their efforts of joining and competing in the developed markets. Agtmael stated that limited financial resources and the lack of international experience force the emerging markets into becoming low-cost equipment manufacturers and provid ers for the developed markets. The result is that the developed markets consider the products within the emerging markets as commodities and competitive, which leads to lower performance levels of the emerging markets, as well as the products within these markets. An additional obstacle for emerging markets venturing into the developed markets is that the developed markets are the negative stigma that consumers in these markets have on products from the emerging markets. Most of the consumers within the developed markets, as Agtmael states, are usually not willing to pay the market price of emerging commodities. This forces the companies within the emerging markets to lower their sales prices to make sales. In return, the companies get little or no income, and at times, they make losses on the products they provide to the markets. The negative stigma of the developed markets makes it difficult for the brands within the emerging markets to grow and join the developed markets. Emergin g market brands seek to join the developed markets for various reasons. The different reasons are mainly to benefit from the greater developed market. The main reason is to gain a greater market. Developed markets have more customers compared to the emerging market. These markets provide a wider range of consumers for the products that exist within the markets compared to the developing markets. The developed markets usually have more participants, who are willing and committed to trading business activities.

Intervention and post-conflict growth (Has to be more specific) Essay

Intervention and post-conflict growth (Has to be more specific) - Essay Example Consequently, the structure of the economy can also be affected by conflicts, and I shall feature the case of the two Latin American countries; Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Furthermore, I shall feature on the causes of conflicts and alternative ways of conflict resolution. This is because, in a conflict situation there has to be a consensus to resolve conflicts for the economy to return normalcy. Instability is one of the factors that have serious adverse effects on the economy. Conflicts have serious consequences on the economy because conflicts, usually, destroy the wheels of the economy one of them being the destruction of the human capital. In post conflict situations, the economy can take a relatively short or long time to recover depending on the measures undertaken to curb the situations in post conflict situations. In the Basque Country case study shows that the GDP dropped by 10% between since the start of the insurgent 1n 1960 (Abadie and Gardeazabal, 2003). The economic growth can be explained from two theories i.e. neoclassical growth theory that predicts that after the conflict the economy recovers quickly. On the other hand, another alternative model explains that the economic recovery may take a long time because the human capital takes a long time to recover (Serneels and Vapoorten, 2010). In some post conflict situations, some countries may fail to progress due to the poor economic performance. Additionally, some of the conflicts inflicted countries experience economy recovery few years after reconciliation (Serneels and Vapoorten, 2010). If physical capital is destroyed during conflicts then an economy is likely to converge quickly but if the human capital is destroyed during the conflict then it will take a relatively long time for the economy to recover to its normal state. According to Serneels and Vapoorten (2010), a civil conflict is less detrimental than an international conflict in terms of physical infrastructure

Business Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Business Plan - Essay Example Online business development starts with development of an online business place, widely known as website. Several facets are attached with development of a website and depend on the type of website as per requirement. Major contributions are from design and technology perspective keeping in mind the business objective, e.g. a corporate website can be static in nature with a professional design aspect, whereas a retail website (portal) has to be dynamic and communicative with consumers, with detailed product information, and purchase and multiple payment options. FlexiCoolGifts FlexiCoolGifts is a gift store, which requires the dynamic aspect of design to effectively communicate with perspective consumers. The website needs to be an e-commerce website with detailed information about the products offered, and purchase and multiple payment options for best user experience. Once the website is developed, a complete online marketing strategy and online business revenue model has to be est ablished. Online Marketing Online marketing is the process of marketing and advertisement of a business (brand) and its products and services on the â€Å"World Wide Web†. A simple concept plays the role in the Internet marketing scenario – â€Å"Customer Reach – anytime, anywhere†. Online marketing strategy is a combination of certain factors depending on the business type, model and business objective. It is also a combination of â€Å"primary† and â€Å"complementary† marketing channels to make the entire strategy objective oriented and result driven. Complete understanding of online marketing strategies and careful utilization of online marketing tools and channels make online marketing highly effective with minimum cost. FlexiCoolGifts can utilize the following types of online marketing channels for business development. Types of Online Marketing Online marketing is a combination of certain types of marketing and advertisement activitie s carried out in the Internet environment with an objective of reaching out to the perspective customer, anytime & anywhere. There are various types of online marketing channels such as Search Engine Marketing (Paid Search Results), Search Engine Optimization (Non-paid Search Results), Social Media Marketing (Marketing and Advertisement through Social Networking Channels and websites), Social Media Optimization (Marketing and advertisement message optimization in social media), Display Advertisement (marketing and advertisement through display or banners online), Contextual Advertizing (marketing and advertising text messages on other websites), Affiliate Marketing (marketing and advertising on a affiliate website), Directory Submission (Submitting Websites to Online Directories), Webinars (Online Seminars), Online Audio and Video Marketing (Interactive Marketing and Advertisement), Mobile (Cell Phone) Marketing (SMS, MMS, Audio and Video Clips), E-Mail Marketing (Marketing and Adve rtisement through e-mails), Online Chat Support (Online Support Mechanism), Viral Marketing (Audio-Video option to Spread through people), Interactive Advertising (Audio & Video Clips recorded or animated), and blogging. Online Marketing Strategy By careful consideration of market dynamics, customer segmentation, market research results, SWOT of business and unique selling proposition (USP), a marketing strategy and marketing mix can be devised. FlexiCoolGifts is a unique gift store with a wide range of gift items, music; videos etc. for various occasions are available along with customized

MPH522 - Public Health Law and Policy, Mod 4 SLP Essay

MPH522 - Public Health Law and Policy, Mod 4 SLP - Essay Example There are twenty six government agencies that offer grants, including the Department of Health and Human Services. Those agencies are as follows: There are many kinds of people that can apply for these grants. Government organizations such as State and local governments, education organizations such as independent school districts, public housing organizations, and non-profit organizations, for profit organization, small business, and others may apply. There are also grants that individuals can get when applied for the right reasons (hhs.gov) The steps to applying for a grant are really quite easy but need to be followed very specifically. Self or organization must be registered. The person who is registering must register as an authorized organization representative. Find and search for grants in the field you are looking for, download the application package, apply for the grants be sure to follow every instruction completely, track the application and stay on top of the progress. In order to register the organization you must obtain a data universal number, register it with central contractor registration, get a user name and password and AOR authorization and then track the status (hhs.gov.grant). To register as an individual, you need to enter the funding opportunity number, and complete the profile form. The budget for the Department of Health and Human Resources is approximately $911 billion for 2011. Of that money, 3% goes to CHIPS, 10% goes to discretionary, 51% goes to Medicare, 33% goes to Medicaid, 4% goes to mandatory programs, and 2.3% goes to TANF. There are many goals attached to this budgetary money like they should be as a budget is really a plan. The following goals are present to be managed in this budget. In the news there seems to be funding available. There are many articles presently out there on newly granted programs including research funding, Centers for Disease Control

Political Science Essay Example for Free

Political Science Essay P olitical science refers to the social science in relation with political institutions and with the principles and conduct of government. This means that political science is about studying the norms of the society and the government. In political science, you need to know what the society needs, how the government id functioning, how the government execute laws, how they render authority to the people, how the government is built, and many more. It is also the study of the state wherein you ought to know the condition and the capacity of the people and the nation that you authorize. It also includes the study of politics wherein you are required to observe how the people vote for their leaders, how the election is done, or has to be done, how the politicians campaign, and how they do politics in such way that they will be elected. Political science is a study of human and political behavior, all aspects of politics that contributed to the society. It analyzes the political systems that the government is carrying out. Political science converges with other fields like: * Economics, the science of production, distribution and the consumption of mankind and/or services, * Sociology, the study of development, origin, organizations and the functioning of human society, * Law, the regulations that needs to established in a society by the authority or the elected government officials, * Anthropology, the science of human and how they work, it deals with the physical and cultural development, characteristics and beliefs of the society, * Public administration, the fulfillment of public policies, * National politics, * International relations, dealing with the other nations, * Comparative politics. * Political organizations, * Political theories that have been observed throughout the exercises that the government have made and many more. There are three sub disciplines which together establish the field of political science: political philosophy, international relations, and comparative politics. Political philosophy is the study of such topics as politics, liberty, justice rights, laws, and enforcement of rules by the authority. It also observes the facts on how the government is made to be legitimate, the makings of the constitution, the rights and freedom of the humankind, how they should be all protected, the duties of the citizens and the rulers. International relations deal with the connection between nations. It studies the roles of the state, the inter-governmental organizations, international nongovernmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations and multinational corporations. It also analyzes and formulates foreign policies on particular states or countries. Comparative politics is the study of comparison and teaching different types of the constitution. It is actually the method that applies to study politics. Political science is all about the government. All the things that has to happen and will be happening in the future is the study of political science. It uses methods and techniques to compare and study the different inquiries like the primary sources of an historical documents and records. But what is government? Government is a ruler body of a nation, state, or community. It is consist of rulers like the law-makers or legislators, and administrations. It refers to the larger system by which any state is organized. There are also different types of government, depending on each state or attributes, like the following: a. Government with Aristarchic attributes are ruled by the best people in the society might be elite, or some educated citizen. The following are different terms of government with aristarchic attributes: * Aristocracy – a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the principal persons of the state. Comes from the word aristocrat, means the ruler of this government is an elite person. The ruler may be from different lines of descendant, not just only one. * Geniocracy is a form of government which was first proposed by Rael (leader of International Raelian Movement) which advises to use intelligence as criteria for regional governance. * Kratocracy – is a form of government ruled by a strong person who seized power among its society. * Meritocracy – is a form of government wherein the effectuation of the progress is based upon the intellectual talent of a group. * Technocracy – is a form of government where in professionals or experts in technology are appointed to rule and would be in control of decision making for the society. b. Governments with Autocratic attributes are ruled by dictators. The following are the forms of government with Autocratic attributes: * Authoritarian is a form of government wherein it is characterized by submission to authority as well as its admission. * Autocracy – is a system of government in which the ruling of the society is in the hands of one person. His decisions may be subjected to neither external legal restraint nor regularized mechanisms of popular control. This is a government where in one ruler has unlimited power. * Despotism – is a form of government wherein the supremacy is through threats of punishments and violence. It doesn’t require for a single leader, it may be ruled by a group, not like autocracy. * Fascism – is a form of government focuses on nationalism. The rulers may do things illegal which doesn’t relate to patriotism. It recognizes the presence of class conflict and proposes a resolution to end the divisions of classes within the nation. * Totalitarian – is a form of government in which the political authority exercises absolute and centralized control. The state under totalitarianism regulates every realm of life. c. Governments with democratic attributes are ruled by the person who has been voted by the society thinking he is fit for governing the state. The following are the form of government with democratic attributes: * Democracy – is a form of government which uses the power of the people to vote for their leaders. It is a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens, might be elite or servants, who can elect people to represent them. * Direct democracy – is a form of government in which people represent themselves and selecting new laws directly. * Representative democracy – is a form of government in which people elects representatives to propose new rules and regulations, or new laws that is needed to be implemented in the society. It is also known as a republic. It is an element of parliamentary and presidential system in the government. Usually, the head of the state is a president. * Social democracy – is a form of government wherein it focuses on the citizens social rights. It speaks of the public services like education, medical care, workers rights, employees compensations, child and elderly care, and many more. It considers itself to be form of reformist democratic socialism. d. Governments with monarchic attributes are ruled by a king or a queen who have inherited their position from their ancestors. The following are the forms of government with monarchic attributes: * Absolute monarchy – is a form of government wherein the monarch utilizes supreme governing authority as the head of the government. It uses total power over the land and its citizens. * Constitutional monarchy – is a form of government wherein the ruler is the monarch (a nations ruler by hereditary right), but his powers are limited because the government has constitution to follow. * Elective monarchy – is a form of government in which the monarchy is elected, not the traditional way in which the ruler is from a hereditary monarchy. * Emirate – is the domain controlled by an emir. Emir is an independent ruler of the Muslim state * Monarchy – is a form of government in which a monarch, who inherited the authority from their family, embodies the sovereignty. e.Governments with oligarchic attributes are ruled by a very influential person. * Bureaucracy – is a form of government with non-elective government officials. It is consists of many bureaus and administrators. The government administrators are the ones who decide on the legislature or the democratically-elected representation of the state. * Ergatocracy – is a form of government in which the ruler is a proletariat. Proletariat is a social class comprising those who do manual labor and wages. Most of them are rebel and activists that controls the society and create an alternative economy for the people. * Kritarchy – is a form of government wherein the ruler is the judge. * Netocracy – is a form of government ruled by social connections. * Oligarchy – is a form of government ruled by a few people. These groups of people have the same interest. They can be identified by their royalty, financial conditions, professions, family ties, corporate or military control. * Plutocracy – is a form of government ruled by the wealthy people. Any form of governments that are listed here can be in a form of plutocracy if the rulers are all rich. * Stratocracy – is a form of government in which people with military service can govern the state or the society. * Timocracy – is a form of government ruled by honorable citizens of the society. * Theocracy – is a form of government or a political unit governed by a deity or by officials thought to be divinely guided. f. Governments with pejorative attributes are ruled by groups or forms of other governments. The following are the forms of government with pejorative attribute: * Bankocracy – is a form of government wherein the system of the governance is influenced by banks on public policy-making. * Corporatocracy – is a form of government wherein it is ruled by the corporation and the economics and political system is controlled by businessmen or business firms. * Nepotocracy – is a system of governance in which the power is given to a family member, mostly to the nephew. * Kakistocracy – is a form of government wherein the least qualified citizens are the rulers of the society. This type of government resulted in a uniformly stupid society barren of intellectual governance. * Kleptocracy (mafia state) – is a form of government wherein the system of governance are ruled by thieves and corrupts. * Ochlocracy – is a form of government ruled by the public. g. Governments with speculative attributes are as follows: * Magocracy – is a form of government wherein the highest and main authority might be a magician or wizard, sorcerer, or witch. * Uniocracy – is a form of government wherein the government is ruled by the singularity or the uniqueness of all human minds. h. Governments with socio-economic attributes are political systems experiencing movements in power. The following are the forms of the government with socio-economic attributes: * Capitalism – capitalists economy are the people who owns their own business privately * Communism – communist societies wherein people own corporate businesses like farms. * Feudalism – is a system of land ownerships, reforms, and duties. * Socialism – these are government who provides education, welfare, and medical support * Welfare state – is a system of governance wherein they focus on giving the citizens of the society the education, medical services, and the protection of their social well-being that they need. As these different forms of government shows, political science is the study of government states and other political systems. It includes the studies of political ideology, economy, philosophy, the norms of politics, and analysis. Political science is very broad; it has so many subfields and subsidiaries. The government in the study of political science depends on the culture and the constitution of every society. http://en. m. wikipedia. org/wiki/Political_science http://en. m. wikipedia. org/wiki/Government https://www. apsanet. orgLcontent_9181. cfm http://www. bartleby. com/60/192. html.

Container Shipping Market Essay Example for Free

Container Shipping Market Essay Savannah and Port Everglades to their joint Europe-Ecuador service to cover the Europe-South US East Coast market. The service will continue to call at the Balboa hub in both directions to allow transhipment to other ports on the West Coast of South America. The rotation will be stretched to seven weeks, using 7 x 4,1324,872 TEU Panamaxes with high reefer capacity. SITC has placed an order for two 1,800 TEU containerships, with options for six more, from Taiwanese shipyard CSBC. This is the shipbuilder’s first order from a mainland Chinese company for more than 20 years. The firm vessels are priced at $23m each, and are scheduled for delivery in late 2014. Page 2 Licensed to The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Distribution is restricted; please remember to acknowledge the source. http://www. clarksons. net 12/05/2013 09:20:16 15304 M TEU 1. 25 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-12 Jan-13 According to the Shanghai Containerised Freight Index, spot rates for boxes shipped from Shanghai to Europe fell to th $940/TEU on the 12 April, their lowest level since February last year and a 34% fall since mid-March, as the ains made by the last round of general rate increases proved short-lived. As a result of this market weakness, a number of carriers including Maersk Line and Hapag-Lloyd have postponed a second round of rate increases originally scheduled for mid-April. They will now be implemented during May. Elsewhere, freight rates for boxes shipped from Shanghai to the West Coast of America stood at $2,226/FEU, 3% below the full year 2012 average, and 11% below the January 2013 peak of $2,520/FEU. Clarkson Research Services Striking dockworkers at the Kwai Tsing Container Terminals in the port of Hong Kong caused significant disruption to a large number of liner services. Vessels faced 2-3 day berthing delays, while over 100,000 TEU of cargo was reportedly stuck on the quayside. Major carriers cancelled calls and diverted ships to other Pearl River ports such as Chiwan and Shekou, with shippers forced to tranship inbound cargo back to Hong Kong on Feeder vessels. March’s container throughput of 1. 88m TEU at the port represented an 8. 6% y-o-y decrease, yet the strike disruption is likely to affect April’s box handling volumes even more severely. Maersk Line is to increase the capacity of its India-Middle EastUS East Coast service with the replacement of 7 x 4,800 Panamax vessels with eight ships of 6,500 TEU the service turning in eight rather than seven weeks. An additional call at Algeciras will be made in both directions, while there will also be a degree of further slow steaming. The newly deployed vessels are expected to be reflagged to the US flag in order MSC is to launch a Far East-East Coast South America service using 11 x 3,000-5,000 TEU ships. The vessels include a number of Panamaxes reportedly chartered in at very low rates. The eleven week rotation will include a call in Port Elizabeth on the return leg with the first sailing is scheduled from Shanghai on the th 18 April. UASC is to enter the Far East-West Coast North America trade for the first time after agreeing to cooperate with CSCL on three separate Transpacific services. The Kuwaitheadquartered carrier will provide two Panamaxes for a service that calls in Seattle and Vancouver, and three for a Nansha-Los Angeles service. Idle Containership Fleet 12% 9% 6% 3% 0% Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 % of total fleet capacity, TEU Source: CRSL, AXS Licensed to The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Distribution is restricted; please remember to acknowledge the source. http://www. clarksons. net 12/05/2013 09:20:16 15304 According to data reported by Alphaliner, the total containership capacity in lay-up reached 0. 83m TEU on th 25 March, with 269 vessels sitting idle. This is equivalent to 5. 1% of the fleet in terms of capacity. Over Q1 2013 the proportion of total capacity in lay-up fluctuated between 4. 6% and 5. 3%, while across full year 2012 an average of 4. 1% of capacity was idle. Briskly expanding consumer demand in emerging economies should promote strong development of North-South trades, which are projected to grow by 6. 0% this year. Meanwhile, intra-regional trade is expected to grow by 7. 6% in full year 2013, with intra-Asian trade growth remaining the powerhouse. Global container capable supply growth is expected to be broadly in balance with global demand growth in 2013. Carriers will continue to dampen actual running capacity growth on the mainlanes in an effort to support freight rates. Managing the capacity cascade will remain rucial in determining trade lane supply, while further slow steaming may continue to absorb some of the capacity growth. However, the volume of idle tonnage is likely to continue to supress earnings in the charter market. Meanwhile, demolition remains at elevated levels. In conjunction with the paucity of ordering, this rapid rate of scrapping has resulted in a shrinking fleet in the smaller size sectors. Overall, while supp ly growth may accelerate slightly this year, the orderbook schedule for 2014+ delivery still looks relatively thin.

The Emotional Impact of Infertility and Assisted Reproduction

The Emotional Impact of Infertility and Assisted Reproduction 1. Introduction It is assumed by the majority of young people that they will conceive later in life and have their own family. Unfortunately, a significant proportion will have difficulty in reproducing and will need to seek help. Infertility is the inability to conceive after regular unprotected intercourse for a minimum of 12 months (NICE guidelines) and affects approximately 80 million people worldwide (WHO 2002). It is estimated in the UK that one in seven couples will have difficulty conceiving (HFEA). The inability to conceive can be a very stressful situation, and can bare huge strain on individuals and their relationships. Infertility is not solely a physiological condition but also a psychological and social condition; of which is often overlooked. Having difficulty conceiving can have vast psychological consequences on the individual which may affect social relationships and cause a feeling of isolation and stress. It can have a negative influence on relationships provoking marital issues sometimes resulting in divorce. Many patients who are undergoing assisted reproduction treatment (ART) find it difficult to fit into social situation and struggle with the personal management of infertility. This report aims to review the literature available to discuss the emotional impact of infertility and ART by examining the social and cultural impact of infertility, including gender and marital issues, and stress and depression. It also aims to briefly assess the effects of stress on ART outcome. 2. Sociology Infertility affects all parts of an individuals life; it is a social situation. The value of fertility is often misunderstood and the role of parenting is natural and assumed. An integral part of adult development is the ability to reproduce (Leiblum and Greenfield 1997). Individuals who have fertility problems often find themselves challenging their identity and self-worth (Greil 1991). They may feel that their body has failed its natural function. Female patients, in particular, undergo severe emotional suffering and find they feel a loss of control. They may feel confused and angry and often isolated from the fertile world. It is common for women to blame themselves for the infertility the couple experience, particularly if caused by a female factor. They may feel guilt from previous relationships, indiscretions or abortions (Domar and Seibel 1997). Patients have reported a lack of empathy from friends and family who are unable to relate to their situation. A vast proportion of ART patients are anxious that they will not receive the support they require (Miall 1986). Interestingly, different people suffer more at different points in their treatment, for example some exhibit the highest levels of anxiety and stress whilst trying to conceive and others during or after treatment (Cousineau and Domar 2006). Confronting infertility can, in some people, be the most difficult part. Studies have shown that discussing infertility can reduce stress levels in men and women (Schmidt et al 2005), and that women are more likely to discuss their situation with friends, colleagues and professionals (Abbey et al 1991). The infertility becomes a focal point of life, disorganising their world. This focus can result in eliminating or postponing other important aspects such as careers, aspirations and social connections (McLaney et al 1995). The balance between managing infertility and its treatment and maintaining healthy relationships with family, friends and work is extremely difficult. Firstly, the patients must rearrange their lifestyle and schedule to undergo vigorous medication and examinations which will have a significant impact on their body and mind (Mahlstedt 1985). Secondly, patients have reported that social settings become increasingly difficult due to feelings of upset and anger towards people who are pregnant or those who have children (Domar and Seibel 1997). In addition, some women may chose to bury their distress, through feelings of embarrassment or self-consciousness, further increasing the difficulty in social situations. The psychological impact of infertility is certainly under -estimated. 2.1 Culture In many cultures procreation is encouraged and the importance of biological parenting is vast. For example, for Islamic women there is huge emphasis on fecundability, and marriage is highly associated with a subsequent family (Fido and Zahid 2004). Women are expected to continue the family name and reproduce as assurance that elderly relatives can be cared for. The majority of cultures are accepting of ART, however, in some religions some aspects are forbidden. For example in the Islamic community the donation of eggs or sperm is prohibited as it is classified as adultery (Serour and Dickens 2000). Irrespective of whether cause of infertility is a male or female factor, in many cultures, for example some Arab and Asian communities, the females are usually blamed (Fido and Zahid 2004). In these communities infertility is associated with an enormous amount of shame. By Western norms infertility has become very accepted, in particularly for the male to take responsibility for the cause of infertility in a significant proportion of couples. Unfortunately this is not the case with all cultures, in extreme situations women can be blamed and subsequently subjected to violence and exile, irrespective of whether they are the cause of the couples infertility as their status is now diminished (Rustein and Shah 2004). 2.1. Gender In the past infertility has always been associated with the female. However, over half of couples undergoing treatment are due to both male and female infertility (Johansson et al 2011) and half of these are solely male factor infertility (NICE guidelines 2004). Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has further increased the acceptance of male infertility and in many cases enabled the couple to overcome it. As previously discussed many cultures have not come to terms with male factor infertility and woman can be severely victimised against, suffering dramatic consequences (Rustein and Shah 2004). The literature demonstrates that women feel significantly more pressure on them to reproduce, they find infertility treatment considerably more stressful and they suffer more emotionally than their male partner (Jordan and Revenson 1999). Despite this, the psychological well-being of the male partner should not be ignored. Men are severely affected by infertility (Wright et al 1991, Carmeli And Birbaum-Carmelli 1994), however there is much less exposure of this. The males feelings are often overshadowed by the females and they may hide their emotions in order to support their partners. Male patients are reported to use different coping mechanisms (Peterson et al 2006) such as engaging in extra work and other activities (Jordan and Revenson 1999), which may give the impression they are less affected emotionally than the female. Men can feel a severe loss of masculinity, particularly if there is male factor infertility, and can become extremely embarrassed resulting in low self-esteem. Men may feel inadequate in fulfilling their role in the relationship being unable to provide their partner with a child. Additionally the stress of being unable to conceive and the subsequent treatment can lead to impotency and sexual dysfunction (Saleh et al 2003). Although the patients are treated as a couple, the female is normally the identified patient, irrespective of the cause of infertility. The emphasis on the psychological well-being of the female is understandable considering the female will undergo the immense and invasive treatment necessary for IVF/ICSI. It is the female that must inject herself daily and rearrange her schedule to have blood tests and scans for weeks before her eggs are even collected. Despite this, it is important to be aware that both the male and female will be under enormous amounts of psychological and emotional strain and neither should be ignored. 2.1. Marital There is varying information about the effect of infertility on relationships and marital status. Interview studies have shown that going through infertility and assisted reproduction can bring relationships closer together and often strengthen marriage in approximately one-third of couples seeking treatment (Schmidt 2009). Other studies have demonstrated marital problems as a result of their infertility, in particularly suffering from a lack of effective communication and often using active-avoid coping mechanisms. Evidence suggests there is increased marital stress between couples when they do not conceive in the first year compared to those couples who do (Benazon et al 1992). Additionally, couples have reported their physical relationship suffers whilst trying to conceive and whilst undergoing infertility treatment (Benazon et al 1992). Although not always recommended, many couples have intercourse at specific times in the females cycle, which can diminish intimacy and sexual fun ction, further enhancing relationship stress. 3. Stress and depression Stress is defined as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the stimulus which produces mental tensionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Cousineau and Domar 2006). The inability to conceive is undoubtedly a very stressful situation. It is extremely difficult to measure psychological stress as it can be subjective. Despite this, it is clear that mild to moderate stress and depressive symptoms are present in the majority of people undergoing ART treatment (Demyttenaere et al 1998). Studies demonstrate that depression and anxiety levels in women who are experiencing fertility problems are dramatically increased and are significantly higher than in fertile women (Domar et al 1992). These levels of depression and anxiety have been reported to be comparable to patients undergoing cancer treatment, myocardial infarction and HIV-positive patients (Domar et al 1993). Unsuccessful IVF attempts can result in severe depressive symptoms and it has been shown that over 10% of women experience passive suicidal ideations (Baram et al 1988). This highlights the importance of monitoring patients emotional state before, throughout and after treatment. 3.1. Affect on ART outcome There is conflicting evidence that suggests stress factors may influence IVF outcome. A prospective study carried out by Klonoff-Cohen et al (2001) demonstrated that baseline stress levels were significantly related to biological end-points. This included oocyte number, fertilisation rates, and pregnancy and live birth rate. These findings emphasise the importance of emotional and psychological support early on in treatment. In contrast, a recent meta-analysis, by Boivin et al 2011, collated 14 studies with a total of 3583 women and assessed the effect of emotional distress in infertile women undergoing fertility treatment on the outcome of their treatment. The conclusions were confident that stress does not compromise their ART outcome. Although the jury is still out with regards to stress affecting ART outcome, stress has an impact during pregnancy. High emotional stress levels can increase glucocorticoid levels which negatively affect foetal development and birth outcomes (Bolten et al 2011, Schulz et al 2011). Therefore patients stress levels should be monitored during assisted reproduction treatment, and importantly also after treatment, whether successful or not. 4. Conclusion In conclusion, this report has demonstrated that infertility patients undergo significant emotional distress. Infertility and its treatment can bare huge strains on all aspects of their lives particularly social interactions with friends and partners. Patients feel a loss of control and their infertility becomes the focus of their life often resulting in the neglect of other aspects. They may feel upset, anger and a lack of self-worth. This is heightened in some cultures which do not accept infertility and bare huge pressures on reproduction. In these cultures women, in particular, can be subjected to very severe treatment such as exile. Women appear to suffer more emotionally than their male counterpart; however this may be due to the male hiding his feelings to support his female partner. Males can experience a severe loss of masculinity and feel inadequate in fulfilling their role. Both members of the couple will be experiencing substantial distress and this can have positive and negative impacts on their relationship. Some marriages benefit from treatment by becoming emotionally closer, others do not. It is clear from this report that there is significant stress associated with infertility which can result in depression and anxiety. This can be particularly serious in those patients who have unsuccessful attempts at IVF. There is varying evidence to whether this stress and anxiety affects ART outcome. Whether or not it affects outcome it is fundamental that the psychological aspects of infertility and ART are not ignored. Counselling and emotional management should be offered to all patients before, during and after treatment. Stress and depression levels should also be monitored a various time points as the welfare of the patient is paramount.

Learning Temperance in Homer’s Odyssey Essay -- Odyssey

Learning Temperance in Homer’s Odyssey Being a work of importance in the western tradition of philosophy, The Odyssey is much more than some play written by Homer ages ago. Though The Odyssey certainly is a dramatic work and partially intended for entertainment, it also provides insight into the ways of thinking of the time it has been written in. Aside from illustrating the perspective of early Greek philosophy The Odyssey also raises certain questions pertaining to virtues and the morality of actions undertaken therein. Such questions and the pursuit of their answers may also lead to a better understanding of the actions taken in present-day society and the human condition in general. One of the virtues that is present throughout The Odyssey is temperance, or the lack thereof. In the course of Odysseus' journey, numerous events take place which are determined by the actions of Odysseus' himself, as well as those of his shipmates. In fact, the endeavor here is to portray how the delays and troubles encountered by O dysseus and his crew are due to their inability to exhibit proper self-restraint in conduct, expression, and indulgence of the appetites. This is undertaken in the proceeding text by an examination of two specific episodes from Homer's The Odyssey. The first episode being Book X of The Odyssey, entitled "The Grace of the Witch", containing Odysseus' encounter with the goddess Kirke. The second being Book V under the title of "Sweet Nymph and Open Sea," of how Odysseus departs the island of the nymph Kalypso. Both episodes are intended to demonstrate the importance of temperance in the journeys of Odysseus. Prior to a discussion of how temperance affects The Odyssey, it is good to discuss the concept of... ...ry for him to learn the virtue of temperance. If he is not able to moderate his impulses towards revenge, feasting, and lovely goddesses, then he shall always be doomed to roam upon the wine dark seas. Obviously he does learn this, since he does return to Ithaka without being smitten down by the gods, but he returns a different Odysseus. The new Odysseus realizes that there is more to living than a feast of roast meats and wine each night before the flawless bed of love of a lovely goddess. The new Odysseus wipes a salt tear from his cheek at the sight of an old hound that lays neglected (17.394). Works Cited Baird, Forrest E., and Walter Kaufman. "Aristotle." Ancient Philosophy. 3rd ed. Philosophic Classics, vols. 1. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2000. 304 - 444. Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fitzgerald. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1998.

Comparing Hinduism and Buddhism Essay -- Papers Compare Contrast Relig

Comparing Hinduism and Buddhism Hinduism and Buddhism have different similarities and are in some ways connected to each other. Some of the practices of the two religions are similar in various ways and there are several examples to show this. Hinduism first started in India around 1500 BC. The word Hindu comes from the Sanskrit word sindhu, or river. The Hindu community define themselves as "those who believe in the Vedas", or also "those who follow the way, or dharma, of the four classes and the stages of life. The four classes being the varnas and the stages of life being the ashramas. Like Hinduism, Buddhism also started in India. It is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who is called the Buddha or the Enlightened One. Buddhism started a monastic movement in the Brahman tradition. It is generally agreed that the Buddha was born in 563 BC in Kapilavastu to the ruler of a small kingdom. He grew up with luxuries and had a sheltered life. When he was 29 he came to realize that hi life up to this point had been so empty. He let go any earthly attachments and soon set out to find peace and enlightenment trying to steer away from the cycles of rebirths. He started practicing Yoga and "adopted a life of radical asceticism." He soon gave up this way of thinking and focused on "a middle path between the life of indulgence and that of self-denial." After a time of great inner struggle, he began to wander to different places and preach and organized a monastic community know as the sangha. The Buddha started the movement for all different peoples and denied that a person's spiritual worth is a matter of birth. The Buddha left no written word. His ideas have been put into writings though... ...under the Gupta Empire. In the 16th century in Bengal, a sect of erotic mysticism was founded. This celebrated the union of Krishna and Radha in a Tantric theology heavily influenced by Tantric Buddhism. In the 19th century many reforms have taken place to bring traditional Hinduism to reconcile with the social reforms and political ideals of the day. Leaders of these reforms are greats such as Mohandas Gandhi and Sri Aurobindo Ghose. Bhimrau Ramji Ambedkar even revived the myth of the Brahmans who fell from their caste and the tradition that Buddhism and Hinduism were once one in order to "enable Untouchables to gain self-respect by 'reconverting' to Buddhism." Today both religions are still greatly worshiped and have millions of followers. Buddhism and Hinduism are connected in many ways and still continue to flourish after many, many centuries.

Lincoln, Labor and Liberation Essay example -- United States History L

Lincoln, Labor and Liberation The free labor ideology of the nineteenth century was grounded in the beliefs that Northern free labor was superior to Southern slave labor. The key factor that made this system unique was â€Å"the opportunity it offers wage earners to rise to property-owning independence.† [1] It was this free labor ideology and not the republicanism of the Revolutionary War era that caused slavery to be problematic by the time of the Civil War. This ideology was comprehensive—it had economic, social, moral, and political aspects. All facets of the theory need to be explored in order to fully understand how and why slavery became such an important issue. Free labor became the center of the Republican ideology in 1852, with the foundation of the Republican Party. It was the result of the economically expanding, enterprising, and competitive society of the early nineteenth century. The word â€Å"labor† had slowly begun to take on new meaning. Previously, it meant only those who were involved in the production of goods. Society was strictly divided into two main groups, those who worked and those who profited from the work of others. By the 1840s, the wage-earning labor class was defined as the entire North. It was made up of those men who owned their own farms, worked their own soil, were educated, and most importantly, were independent. Free labor ideology drew few distinctions between classes. A laborer was a craftsman, a merchant, a small businessman, or a farmer. Northern society offered opportunities to all who sought them, and enabled most to achieve independence and property. Northerners believed this economy would lead to a more equal distribution of wealth, rather than aid the development of a... ...onville, â€Å"The Abolitionists†, December 3, 2001 [10] Foner, 111 [11] Foner, 235 [12] Richard D. Brown, Major Problems in the Era of the American Revolution, 1760-1791 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000), 409 [13] Brown, 410 [14] Joseph J. Ellis, Founding Brothers: the Revolutionary Generation (New York: Alfred A. Knoph, Publisher, 2000) 158 [15] Kevin Tanner, â€Å"Sectionalism: 1850s†, lecture given at Binghamton University December 5, 2001 [16] Brown, 274 [17] Brown, 281 [18] Brown, 282 [19] Ellis, 81 [20] Ellis, 158 [21] McConville, â€Å"Slavery From Rebellion to Revolution†, November 5, 2001 [22] McConville, â€Å"From Jacksonian Democracy to Sectional Conflict†, November 28, 2001 [23] James M. McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom: the Civil War Era (New York: Ballantine Books, 1988), 28 [24] Foner, 309

Can Sea Water Generate Usable Energy Environmental Sciences Essay

AbstractionAlternatively of following the conventional fuel oriented power coevals methods and dispersing its heat into environment, we evaporate saline H2O into steam and utilize its energy to bring forth power. Using this strategy would do sea H2O useable in power coevals which at the minute is merely being used for chilling intents in the power workss. The steam used for bring forthing electricity is finally collected, condensed and used for drinkable intents. The proposed strategy may be seen as Steam Power Generation with extra characteristic of desalinization. We set up an experimental trial bed in order to cipher the electric power available utilizing this strategy. To guarantee safety for human ingestion, we besides perform chemical trials on the desalinated H2O to see whether it is fit to be used for imbibing and agricultural intents. Our decisions are based on existent experiments and research lab trials ; processs outlined here may be used at larger graduated table for mor e in-depth analyses. We besides highlight future extensions and alterations in this work. Keywords: DC Shunt Generator, Desalination, Measurement, Power Generation, Thermal PlantsIntroductionMost of the Earth ‘s H2O is either belowground or in ocean. In both instances the high composing of different salts and minerals present in the H2O makes it useless for human public-service corporations. Merely 1 % of the Earth ‘s H2O exists in lakes, pools, or in any other soft H2O beginning, which is non sufficient for 1000000s of human existences. Human presently use 18 % of the accessible H2O every twelvemonth [ 1 ] . This calls for doing usage of other beginnings of H2O, for case sea H2O, which is available in copiousness. Before utilizing sea H2O, nevertheless, its salt content needs to be removed. The remotion of salt from sea H2O, called Desalination, occurs of course at ocean ‘s surface. The Sun evaporates saline H2O from the huge seas and oceans therefore giving rise to â€Å" Natural Desalination † [ 2 ] . These bluess occupy a cloudy construction w hich consequences in the purest signifier of H2O – â€Å" rain H2O † . Apart from natural desalinization, there are two thermic desalinization procedures used worldwide viz. â€Å" Multi Effect Desalination † ( MED ) and â€Å" Multi Stage Flash Distillation † ( MSF ) [ 3 ] . In both of the mentioned engineerings, saltwater is evaporated and so condensed to get fresh H2O, though the procedures involved are rather different in each of them. Pakistan is blessed with more than 1000km long seashore line [ 4 ] . Rational use of this H2O resource is polar for the upheaval of an agricultural state like Pakistan. Sea H2O, nevertheless, has built-in job of holding salts and other minerals which need to be removed before doing it useable for drinkable and agricultural intents. Not merely in agribusiness, H2O play an of import function in carry throughing the power demands of the state. Country relies significantly on Thermal Power Generation, which burns fuel to heat H2O in the boilers for bring forthing electricity. Karachi Electric Supply Corporation ( KESC ) has 1756MW installed capacity for Thermal Power Generation [ 5 ] . Despite holding a big reservoir of sea H2O, its application in both agribusiness and power sectors of the state is impossible without taking its inherently dissolved salts and minerals. Desalination, although can give important benefits, brings considerable environmental harm because of its terminal merchandises. Some conservationists have claimed that the residuary by-product after desalinization with high salt concentration is a large Marine pollutant when thrown back into the sea at high temperatures [ 6 ] . On the other manus, desalinization has obvious cost benefits. Desalination might go even more economically feasible if renewable energy is used to heat the sea H2O alternatively of firing coal, oil or other fuels. The thought of utilizing renewable energy for desalinization is already in pattern at Perth Desalination Plant, which is partly powered by air current energy [ 7 ] . In an effort to foreground the possibility of utilizing desalinated H2O for power coevals before condensation, in this paper introduces a strategy to desalt sea H2O by heating it in boilers and to utilize the kinetic energy of steam to bring forth electricity. The proposed thought will non merely do sea H2O useable for agricultural activities but will besides bring forth considerable sums of electric power, which we need most desperately during the on-going power crisis [ 8 ] . In this paper, we are peculiarly interested in measuring the sum of electricity which can be generated utilizing the proposed set up and its impact on the chemical belongingss of H2O. It is deserving adverting that we are interested in the alterations in H2O belongingss caused by heating the sea H2O ; we ignore the alterations brought approximately due to the hit of H2O with the turbine blades. Rest of the paper is organized as follows. Proposed conventional and experimental set up is detailed in subdivision 2. Power generated following the proposed strategy is evaluated in subdivision 3. Consequences from chemical trials done on the condensed H2O are given in subdivision 4 and decisions are drawn in subdivision 5. Mentions are given at the terminal of the paper followed by the appendix incorporating the chemical trial study on the condensed H2O.PROPOSED SCHEMATIC AND EXPERIMENTAL SET UPAs mentioned earlier, the thought being evaluated in this paper is to boil sea H2O to acquire rid of its salt contents and utilize the kinetic energy of the ensuing steam to bring forth electric power. It can be seen from the proposed set up shown in Figure 1 that salt H2O is heated in a boiler under decreased force per unit area. The salt contents are retained into the boiler and the generated dry steam is sent out to the reaction-type steam turbine. The steam loses its kinetic energy again st the turbine blades in the turbine doing the traveling blades to revolve. This turbine coupled with the generator acts as its premier mover and hence electricity becomes available at the generator terminuss. Upon hit with the turbine blades, dry steam becomes wet and is subsequently condensed in the capacitor. Our experimental set up has used low capacity boilers, turbines and capacitor in order to enforce that the power we generate would be the minimal available from the set up. Bigger devices can of class output better power end products when used commercially. The shaft diameter of the turbine was 2.6cm, while that of turbine was 16cm. The blade tallness was 3.8cm and the nozzle angle was 20o. These specifications are given in Table I. The electromotive force construct up equation for a DC Generator is given in equation ( 1 ) [ 9 ] , where, P is the figure of poles, Z is the figure of music directors, I ¦ is the flux per pole, N is the figure of rotary motions per minute and a is the figure of parallel waies and Vg is the mean electromotive force built in the generator. Table 1: Specifications of equipment used in the proposed apparatus Volume of boiler 5lit Turbine type Chemical reaction Turbine Turbine diameter 16cm Turbine shaft diameter 2.6cm Turbine blade tallness 3.8cm Nozzle angle 20o Generator DC Shunt Generator Picture1 Figures: Proposed apparatus for desalinization and power coevals aˆÂ ¦ ( 1 )AVAILABLE TERMINAL VOLTAGE FROM THE PROPOSED SET UPIn this subdivision, we report our observations recorded from the set up discussed in subdivision 2. As has been mentioned antecedently, our primary involvement is in measuring the power generated from this set up, which basically depends on the rotary motions per minute of the turbine caused by the steam. Our observations suggest that the extremum revolutions per minute reached utilizing this set up is around 700rpm while mean value remained to be about 450rpm. Following, we evaluate the electromotive force generated by 450rpm in a typical DC Generator. Note that similar computations can be made for a synchronal generator. These observations are recorded in Table 2. Table 2: Observations on revolutions per minute and end product terminal electromotive force from the proposed apparatus Peak revolutions per minute 700 Average revolutions per minute 450 Terminal Voltage ( peak revolutions per minute ) 441V Terminal Voltage ( avg revolutions per minute ) 283.5V Mechanical Power ( peak revolutions per minute ) 24W Mechanical Power ( avg revolutions per minute ) 6.5W Therefore, for a lap lesion ( a=p ) , 6 pole, 1260 music directors, DC generator holding flux per pole of 0.03web used in our set up will bring forth about 283.5V mean electromotive force ( at 450rpm ) and 441V ( at 700 revolutions per minute ) . It must be noted that the dimensions of setup used in our set up is significantly little and greater electromotive forces may be achieved utilizing larger fringe.WATER TestingIn this subdivision we conduct intense chemical trials on the H2O recovered from the capacitor which had been used to revolve the turbine blades. We conduct these trials to guarantee that condensed H2O is suited to be used for imbibing and agricultural intents. In peculiar, we are interested in observing whether boiling sea H2O in a individual phase boiler has removed all unsought dissolvers. We have performed laboratory trials at Postgraduate Environmental Lab at NED University of Engineering and Technology on H2O collected in the capacitor obtained from 3 separate exp eriments. We present some of the interesting findings in the undermentioned. We attach one of the studies ( as sample ) in the appendix at the terminal of the paper. We discuss the consequences of chemical trial done on the condensed H2O in the followers. Our parametric quantities of involvement are pH value, Total Dissolved Salt ( TDS ) , Electrical Conductivity and Entire Coli-form. Obtained consequences are tabulated in Table 3. Table 3: Chemical belongingss of H2O recovered from the proposed strategy pH 7.8 Entire Dissolved Salt 5870mg/L Electrical Conduction 10.72mS/cm Entire Coli-form 0 Harmonizing to our trials, the pH value of the condensed H2O increased from 7.6 to 7.8. Condensed H2O, hence, is more basic in nature and helps forestalling wellness jeopardies due to sourness within the human organic structure. It must be noted that the pH values within the scope specified by World Health Organization [ 10 ] . This H2O will act as ordinary pat H2O when used in agricultural activities in footings of pH and will non turn out effectual in killing sources [ 11 ] . Heating the sea H2O at high temperature in our strategy is shown to significantly cut down the TDS value. The condensed H2O has merely 33 % TDS [ 12 ] compared with the original sea H2O. To be precise, TDS was found to be 5870mg/L which is classified â€Å" brackish H2O † in literature [ 13 ] . Although the salt content has non been removed wholly but writers believe carry oning similar experiments on larger graduated table can give better benefits. The electrical conduction of the condensed H2O, as given in Table 3 is found to be 10.72 mS/cm. The existent trial study ( besides given in the appendix ) suggests that electrical conduction can be well decreased by following the strategy outlined here. The ascertained value of conduction is similar to that of Divide Lake in Minnesota, United States [ 14 ] . It is interesting to observe that the H2O collected from capacitor has zero entire coli-form, which makes it ideal for drinkable intents in footings of hygiene [ 15 ] .DecisionThis paper investigates the thought of heating sea H2O at high temperatures for desalting its unsought contents and bring forthing electricity before distilling the same. Detailed proposed set up for the said thought has been given and by experimentation evaluated. It was found that around 24W of mechanical power is available across turbine blades utilizing really little graduated table research lab equipment. In order to measure the chemical alterations on sea H2O due to inordinate warming and hit with turbine blades, research lab trials were conducted on the condensed H2O. Although the condensed H2O did non turn out to be useable straight for drinkable intents, larger scale versions of similar trials might turn out utile. Still, sufficient betterment in chemical belongingss of sea H2O was observed in the trials. The chief motive for this research comes from the fact that Pakistan is blessed with a big coastal belt, which can be put to utilize in legion ways. This paper highlights one of those utilizations.

Mastrubation Isnt It Harmful

approximately Of the professionals in the field Of informality medicinal drug claim that pulling out does non get each harm to corporeal or mental health. Few even detect that pulling out is healthy, because it helps passel to relive their versed bid in that location by preventing s perpetuallye knowledgeable Quiet true, Masturbation whitethorn not cause any physical harm, if the standards of hygiene argon maintained. UT the equivalent posteriornot be true when we lock at it from a psychological perspective. Masturbation In bingle app bel that wad break a determined need in adolescents which Is carried Into adulthood, If needed control is not brought active, at an appropriate quantify, by the person invited. The reasons being, It Is one pleasurable activity that locoweed be done any time. The all necessity being some place with a little concealment.It also does not involve any identical expenditure or social curtailments. So there is an urge to experien ce the pleasure whenever there is privacy and opportunity. This habit In fact be aims a compulsive behavior even at his stage because in every item of privacy raises craving for masturbation. In the bordering stage they start looking for privacy whenever possible comely for the sake of involving in masturbation, Most of the time rest room bring into beings the place that is used. Whenever they dont suck in any opposite place of privacy, Once this perform come existence the urge tramp becomes so compulsive that even when they sustain feverish schedules or important tasks to be completed, they whitethorn just take absolutely breaks to restrooms to shade often urge, This stage indicates the obsessive psychological reoccupation With intimate thoughts and need for compulsive masturbation, to submerge the thought. The other danger is the development of the whimsy that masturbation Is a stress buster. Yes masturbation can act as a diversion from stressful thoughts or event s.It can very well act as a buffer. Taut this belief dodge can once again join on the frequency and preoccupation that many just use this escape mechanism, and avoid exploring hard-hitting stress management methods. This can make out limitations In their problem solving and mentioning making abilities The belief that masturbation can induce residuum also makes pile involve in it every daylight before they go to bed and whitethorn a psychological cause of sleep disturbance, if they are in situations where they cannot involve in the habit before sleep the fantasies associated with the practice.Masturbation does not happen without the associated fantasies. When there is frequent interlocking in masturbation, with in a short period, the normal fantasies lose its luster and become less stimulating. When the regular fantasies do not provide adequate arousal, it runways to suspicions ND worries, in some people, that they are losing their potency collect to masturbatory habit. T he bigger chunk of population work shift to devising fantasies, which are pervert and degenerate in nature to maintain the stimulant levels.The danger of these fantasies, is that when these people go through a real sexual experience, they dont find is so exciting or pleasurable, as what they lease experienced in their maddened fantasies. This can lead to dissatisfaction and lack of occupy in real time sexual relationship and some times make a motion the person to involve in deviate sexual acts. This can Jeopardize their matrimonial relationship. In my experience I have come across many clients who run away to avoid sexual relationships and gain sexual satisfaction by involving in masturbatory practice even after marriage.The other brat to marital relationship from masturbatory habit is that, people who tend to involve in compulsive masturbation, try to reach the climax with in a very minimal time, which can lead to the development of premature ejaculation. stroke to get fully aroused in a real time situation, because of the fantasies, that have been ore stimulating can also lead to the development of performance solicitude.Also frequent masturbation, would create a status, where the person gets pleasure only by the ego touch, to which he is habituated any may not be hoard to aroma the pleasure with the same inspiration when their partner touch them during a sexual encounter which can also topic in avoidance of real time sexual experience. The world of sexual fantasy is one place where the individual feel fully excited and satisfied. So there is all possibilities that they dont feel the necessity to unite tit others or build relationships, because they are happy on their own in their own private world.This factor along with the compulsive thoughts to masturbate, which enforces the tendency to opt for closing off and places where their privacy is not infringed, so that they can involve in the act when ever they feel the need, becomes a barrie r in developing social skills. Excessive masturbation can also lead to hapless self confidence and self esteem, which may be associated with the feelings of guilt associated with the habit or the pervert sexual fantasies, feelings of lack of self intro, fear about health and vileness induced by religion and cultures and anxiety about their future marital life.The habit of masturbation can be tough as a totally atoxic one. Preoccupation with the habit and related fantasies does have an impact on the productivity levels and the tincture of life every person. So it is necessary that appropriate awareness is created, specifically among adolescents, platforms are provided to them for open minded discussion about their masturbatory practices

Cabaret Film Anaylsis Essay

I tell Cab art in 1971 and my main aim was to look the nature of humans and how they be be in possession of in veritable circumstances. Set in Berlin, 1931, the depiction follows the lives of fissure Bowles and Brian Roberts by the struggles of living in national socialist Germany. Through the drug ab economic consumption of film techniques such as tv camera cranny and angles, musical theater numbers racket, and repeated figures, the viewer perceives how what contri savees to the decisions people desexualize, and how this affects their lives. The use of camera shooters and angles featured heavily byout Cabaret. I use the low angle close up frequently to establish a feeling of government agency or dominance.The first musical number I wanted to be viewed from the auditory modalitys direct of view, looking up at the nightspot performers to presentation the performers dominance and create a tense, excited and somewhat sinister atmosphere. It was withal employ to show that Brian is new to Berlin, a stranger. I showed this by making the auditory sense continually look drink on him from many perspectives. The close up beam is also frequently used. This shot is dramatic and fills the cover with a single subject, and when focusing on a persons face, it is used to show emotion. This shot I used mostly with Sally.After she had her child aborted, the audience looked down at her. This combined with the concomitant she was wear minimal makeup, it made her look some child-like, showing she needed protection and emphasised the position that she was in truth vulnerable. Camera focus is used to make the audience pay attention to certain expand and I wanted to make the MC bring to the forefront of the audiences mind as he foreshadows misfortune or the coming of giveome propagation. The title sequence starts with a blurry range which slowly comes into focus, and we see the face of the MC, indicating what I have just explained before.I often used close ups, or extreme close ups on the hands of the characters. These shots are used to draw the audiences attention to a particular detail as well as distort reality. In this movie, I used hands to symbolise the divergent personalities of each(prenominal) character at different times. In the type of Fritz, I focus on his sleeve cuffs, which are frayed and show his poverty, whilst with Sally, I focused to a greater extent on her fingernails and the colour changes that happen at different times of the movie, to show she is changing or she projects a different persona for different people, which made Sally appear fake.For example, when she went to meet her father, she removed her nail polish, which for the cabaret and most other times in the movie is vivid green, showing that she was intimidated by him. musical theater numbers in the movie are very important to understanding the context. I placed these numbers strategically after certain scenes, to infer or foreshadow different eve nts. The opening number gives you an desire of what you will be up for. It juxtaposes the cabaret with the distant world, and what was going on in Berlin at the time.During the MCs performance, he says Leave your troubles outside, life is disappointing. stymie it In here, life is beautiful. I because panned to the audience, and you potful see most of them are wearing suits, and the ladies are immaculately dressed, these sorts of people would be stemma to feel the effects of the Nazi Party. The next musical number is Money, Money, Money. This is performed by the MC and Sally instanter after she meets Maximillion.If the audience hadnt already guessed, they are now given a very axiomatic clue as to why Sally becomes riled with Max. I even an extreme close up on Sallys face when she sings the bourne money, money, money, money, money, money, money to show the audience that this is all she wants from Maximillion. The stick up musical number, If You Could See Her, occurs directl y after the confabulation between Brian and Fritz, where Fritz finally admits to being a Jew, however he cant inform Natalia, as she will reject him.Even though if he did tell her, they would be able to get married, but admitting to having a Judaic background in Nazi Germany probably wouldnt be easy. Throughout the number, the MC is singing to a gorilla, so there is quite an a contrast between both of the lovers, and if this wasnt enough to let the audience realise this birdsong is related to Natalia and Fritzs relationship, the last line the MC sings if you could see her through my eyes, she wouldnt look Jewish at all makes direct reference.I because cut to the scene where Fritz finally reveals his ancestry, so the fellowship becomes quite clear. During all of the numbers, I have described, you can see that the MC is present. He also appears at certain times during the movie before or after problematic events. The MC is a symbol for fear, also a symbol for the troubled times in the movie. I brought him in to warn the audience of the events to come, and his appearance, exaggerated personality and overdone makeup, project a sinister vibe which I believe the audience picks up on and foreshadows what is to come.Directing this film was a magnificent pleasure, and I believe my beliefs and values approximately Germany during the war period was brought out through the characters. I also believe I portrayed the item that people seek the escape lifes difficulties with entertainment through the musical numbers and camera techniques used in Cabaret. Using these techniques, I also was able to explore the nature of humans and how they answer in certain circumstances and portray this through my characters.