International Trade An Essential Cog At Modern Day Business

I Introduction International trade has a timeline that dates back to the 19th century BC where the Assyrian merchant colony existed. Ever since, international trade has evolved more elaborate, more important, and has proved to become an essential cog to modern day business. It is for this reason that integral shipping agreements have been placed to mediate the responsibilities and liabilities between exporters and importers. There are different types of agreements that can be made that are preferred by the exporter/importer, but all with the purpose of reducing transactional confusion. This essay discusses the attractiveness of cost, insurance and freight (CIF) and free on board (FOB) contracts by comparing and contrasting their pros and†¦show more content†¦In the classic FOB framework, it is still the importer who nominates the shipping vessel, but then it is the exporter who remains a party to the contract of carriage until up until the moment s/he take out the bill of lading in the name of the importer. The additional services FOB framework, in essence is the reverse of the strict FOB framework. The exporter assumes responsibility for the nomination of vessel and contract of carriage and may take out the bill of lading in his/her name. The variations of FOB make it a more flexible option that some exporters may be inclined to choose. However there is more that needs to be discussed before one can come to conclusion. II Passing of Ownership and Risk for CIF and FOB Contracts Lord Wright stated that a CIF contract is â€Å"a type of contract which is more widely and more frequently in use than any other contract used for the purposes of sea-borne commerce. The exporter is obliged to obtain a bill of lading and insurance policy and send it to the importer along with an invoice for payment, where the buyer will pay upon receiving the documentation. In the case of Diamond Alkali v Bourgeois, McCardie affirmed that the only form of a correct transaction was if there was an on board bill of lading. His opinion stems from the Lickbarrow v Mason case where the on board bill of lading was aligned with the trade custom and so considered the bill of lading as a document of title at common law. However, if proved via

Maneging coral reefs Free Essays

Coral reefs are unique ecosystems of plants, animals, and their associated geological framework. The ocean equivalent of rainforests, they are home to 25% of all marine species, yet it is estimated that many of the world’s reefs will be destroyed or significantly damaged in the next 20 years because of the human and the physical damage put on to them. They grow in tropical seas in the photic zone, where there is mild wave action, not so strong to tear the reef apart yet strong enough to stir the water and deliver sufficient food and oxygen. We will write a custom essay sample on Maneging coral reefs or any similar topic only for you Order Now Coral reefs also need nutrient-poor, clear, warm, shallow water to grow. Human Threats to the Coral reefs Tourist There are a number of different human threats applied to the coral reefs, most of it which is caused by tourists. These activities are; * Snorkelling- Inexperienced snorkellers can trample corals with their flippers. The can also damage the corals by getting to close and resting on the reefs. * Boat trips- Cruses taking visitors out to the reefs are often careless when the drop their anchor. The anchor will crush the delicate corals with their weight. The water movements made by the boats travelling too fast will damage the corals the force applied to the corals underwater. When the boats get to close to the reefs, the hull tends to scrape past the corals, damaging them. * Boat hire- Tourist don’t tend to know the local water, so when they hire a boat, they usually run it aground on a reef. * Souvenirs- When tourists go snorkelling or scuba diving by the corals, they tend to pick corals for them to take home. Fishing It’s NOT always tourist how cause all the damage, but it’s also the fishermen. Their ways of catching fish is always a harm to corals. Their ways of fishing are; * Dynamite fishing- Some fishers in poor countries, who fish by the coral reefs, often drop dynamites or other explosive into the reefs. When it explodes, it drives the fishes out of the corals and stuns or kills them. This makes it easier to collect the fishes. The explosion can blow corals apart and can send shock waves to the coral which are further away. This is a danger to the fishes and corals. Small organisms, especially coral polyps, are killed by the cyanide in this process. It also provides a new set of dangers to the fishermen. * Metal Nets- When fishers use large mesh net to fish the corals reefs with, the corals get usually get stuck, and then get ripped off, when the boats drag the net behind them. Physical threats to the coral reefs There are also a number of physical threats applied top the coral reefs. They are; * Sea level- Global warming causes the temperature to rise by 1 or2 centigrade per century. It may not seem much, but it affects the sea because the sea level rises by 15-95 cm. A rise in temperature causes the icebergs to melt. The melted sea water is added to the sea, and makes the sea level rise. The means that the sea becomes deeper. If the sea becomes deeper, the corals will start to lack in sunlight. Corals need warm and shallow water. * Soil Erosion- When soil erodes, the soil usually ends up in a river, and then gets carried down to the sea. The soil can then be deposited on the corals. If this happens, the corals would be covered in sand, and they won’t be able to intake any sunlight. It is usually caused by poor use of land. * Climate change- Changes to the weather patterns can cause problems for the coral reefs. Hurricanes are now striking more and more frequently, and the have becomes stronger. This is all to blame on the global warming. Hurricanes can have a devastating impact on the coral reefs because of its increased wave energy. Sediments generated during storms can bury the coral communities. Ways to prevent human damages to coral reefs Tourist There might be a lot of human threats to the coral reefs which can damage them, but there are also a number of ways to prevent the damages which are caused to them. These ways are; * Snorkelling- Inexperienced snorkellers should need to take an experienced snorkeller with them. Like they do driving licences, they should do snorkelling licences. * Boat trips- When cruses take people to see the reefs, they can drop the anchors somewhere by the reefs, where there are no fishes or corals. The movements made by fast boats can be prevented by putting a speed limit by the coral reefs. * Boat hire- When tourists hire a boat, the hiring agency should give them a driver who knows the local water, to steer the boat around the coral reefs. * Souvenirs- Instead of tourist picking corals from the reefs, the government should pick dead corals, and sell the in gift shops. Fishing There are also ways to prevent damage cause by fishing, if we prevent fishing by the corals, the fishmongers will become bankrupt, and there would be much more poverty. But if we don’t prevent fishing by the reefs, in the years to come, the rare types of fishes will be extinct. The ways fishing can be prevented are; * Dynamite fishing- Dynamite fishing can be prevented is banned. If people still continue, there should be a watchman for the each reef, patrolling the reefs for any dynamite fishers. * Metal Nets- Instead of using large mesh nets, the fishers should use nets made out of roots and vines because corals won’t break and if the nets get stuck, the fishes can always eat them. Ways to prevent physical damage to the coral reefs The physical threats applied to the coral reefs are mostly caused by global warming. Most of it can be prevented if less CO2 is used, but there are many other ways to prevent these. They are; * Sea level- It is hard to prevent the sea level from rising, is still possible. This can be done if the amount of carbon dioxide produce is less than before. We can shorten the amount by using less energy, stop the usage of non-renewable fuels and use our cars less and less. * Soil erosion- Soil erosion can be prevented by planting more trees on the land. This will keep the soil together and prevent the soil from washing away when it rains heavily. * Climate change- Hurricanes and other powerful storm are nearly impossible to prevent. It wouldn’t be normal if they don’t strike, but reducing the amount of CO2 would help to reduce the speed of the storms. If the damage continues at the same rate as it is now, in the next few centuries to come, the coral reefs and their inhabitants would be extinct. In my opinion, the tourist industry is causing most of the damage. The coral reefs should be all made into a nature park, where tourist would have a guide to take them around the corals and tell them about the dangers of them being extinct. Fishing by the coral reefs should be banned by the government. If all these improvements are made, the fragile ecosystem would be around for the next generation of people to see them. How to cite Maneging coral reefs, Papers

Xrays of Natural vs Cultured Pearls Essay Sample free essay sample

Pearls have been one of the most beautiful and valuable constituents used in both simple and excessive jewellery pieces. There are pearls that are created by nature and cultured 1s which are semisynthetic pearls. Harmonizing to the Pearl Guide. the pearl is the â€Å"world’s oldest treasure. being prized an collected for 4000 old ages. † Cultured pearls were foremost made during the 1900s. Henry Ward said in an article entitled â€Å"History of Pearls. † that before this period. merely the highly affluent and baronial people entirely owned and wore natural pearls ( par 2 ) . It was in 1896 that Kokichi Mikimoto received patent for bring forthing civilized pearls. He worked with two other research workers in Japan: Tatsuhei Mise and Tokishi Nishikawa. How do pearls organize? Natural or â€Å"Oriental† pearls are formed from mother-of-pearl. a Ca carbonate substance that the molluscs secrete whenever a foreign object like a parasite enters the mollusk’s tissue. â€Å"Over a period of several old ages. We will write a custom essay sample on Xrays of Natural vs Cultured Pearls Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page this build-up of nacre signifiers a natural pearl† ( par. 1 ) . The pearls that signifier in the mantle of the molluscs are normally free-formed and in changing forms. The formation of natural pearls are said to be rare and are considered as one of nature’s fantastic accidents. Therefore. natural pearls are really expensive and valuable. Just last twelvemonth. â€Å"a dual strand of 68 perfect natural pearls known as the ‘Baroda Pearls’ was auctioned at Christie’s Auction House for $ 7 million. † Meanwhile. to organize civilized pearls. adult male intentionally inserts a foreign object in the mollusc so that it secretes nacre and signifiers pearl. Cultured pearls were ab initio hemispherical mabes and were non round. Harmonizing to Pearl Guide. Mikimoto discovered in 1916 a technique of leting formation of unit of ammunition pearls. This involves â€Å"tissue and bead interpolation into the sex gland of an akoya mollusc. † Richard Brown. in his article entitled â€Å"What are Real Natural Pearls† claims that â€Å"For a natural pearl to organize with a nice unit of ammunition or egg-shaped form. and be free of any defects. is really a real-life â€Å"miracle. † The odds of a perfect natural pearl are 1 in a million. † He mentions that one can separate the natural from cultured and fake pearl via Xray. The difference is that for natural pearls there are â€Å"concentric growing rings. † Natural pearls consist of all natural mother-of-pearls while the civilized 1s contain merely a thin bed of the said substance. There are several types of pearls depending on the oysters or molluscs they form into. Gemology Project enumerates these. as listed below: Pearls are now accessible to anyone but its value. form. size and quality are of a assortment. Pearls are a admiration and a â€Å"must† ownership. as they are created by a natural phenomenon ; though adult male assisted and in the procedure created perfect unit of ammunition shaped for civilized 1s. Plants Cited Brown. Richard S. â€Å"What are Real Natural Pearls? †2008. PGA Website. 30 Apr. 2008. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. p-g-a. org/pearls. hypertext markup language gt ; . â€Å"Pearl. †Gemology Project. 30 Apr 2008. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //gemologyproject. com/wiki/index. php? title=Pearl gt ; Ward. Fred. â€Å"The History of Pearls. † 1998. Nova. 30 Apr. 2008. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. phosphate buffer solution. org/wgbh/nova/pearl/time. hypertext markup language gt ; â€Å"Natural Pearls. † 2008. Pearl-guide. com. 30 Apr. 2008. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. pearl-guide. com/natural-pearls. shtml gt ; .

The Contractual Model Essay Research Paper The free essay sample

The Contractual Model Essay, Research Paper The contractual theoretical account is the theoretical account in a professional client-relationship that shows the most trust within any of the professional-client relationships. For this theoretical account to work at that place must be a big sum of trust within the two parties since the picks are made jointly by each of them. There are many facets in which this is the theoretical account that is the most appealing for perspective clients. Other than the trust factor there are many other grounds that it is so appealing to them, such as the ability to believe in each other plenty to talk of topics that are of a more personal nature, which may non needfully hold to make with the topic that started the professional client relationship. The contractual theoretical account helps the client to retain some self-respect every bit good. While they are able to hammer this relationship with whomever, and whatever field the professional is in they are able to maintain some self-respect since within this field the client is involved in the determination devising. We will write a custom essay sample on The Contractual Model Essay Research Paper The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This is non merely a casual ability to do determinations, the client truly has a say in the devising of the determinations, in the other theoretical accounts there may be some determination doing coming from both sides of the relationship but there is non the feeling that is traveling on between the two sides as there is traveling on during the contractual theoretical account. It is merely within the contractual theoretical account that the sharing of duty and ethical authorization, even though this is evident within this theoretical account it is non in all the others, this is one of the outcom Es of the relationship that is forged. The contractual theoretical account is most evident when looking at the field of medical specialty. It is much easier to hold both sides come to an understanding on the picks at manus than it would to make this within a field with out as many picks. It may look odd that the field with a apparently infinite figure of pills, physicians and sentiments would be the easiest to come to an understanding within the relationship, but one has to look at it in a different sense. With a field without many picks at that place may excessively big a spread between the ideas, demands and outlooks that are wanted between the two sides of the professional client relationship. In the field of medicne it is much easier to come to a comprimise since there are so many picks that can be looked at. Even though there may be a big disagreement within the relationship with all of the picks if the field it would be much easier to run into someplace in the center and come to a comprimise that both sides of the r elationship can be happy with. There are many grounds why the contractual theoretical account is the most appealing to perspective clients. Yet each of them falls back to the trust factor. If one is non able to swear its professional so it would do sever jobs within the full professional field. With the trust factor set in wholly there are many other facets that gain credibleness within the field from it. The contractual theoretical account is based on trust and other personal facets within the relationship that has been forged between the client and the professional.

Charles II essays

Charles II essays The life of Charles II was filled with dread, fear, and heartbreak. He was the eldest surviving child of Charles I and Henrietta Maria of France. Some say that he was the son of their true love. Charles II was born at St. James Court. As a child, he was treated like a king. He had a wet nurse and professional rockers. Charles lived in luxury, he moved from palace to palace whenever he pleased. He was spoiled and very well taken care of. His childhood was truly golden (Image of the King). As a teen, Charles began spending more time with his father. Charles I repeatedly took him under his wing to give him political advice. He thought he could guide and help his son. He also tried to make his son believe the same things as him. He thought his son should have his exact same views. Charles II eventually ruled the kingdom. His reign was very different than that of his fathers. He proved hs father proud when he received an honorary Master of Arts degree (England In the Reign of Charles II, Vol. 2). As early asfifteen he became a playboy. Marriage was not of interest to him. Of course, being a playboy at this time was expected. Through all this fun and games there came a complete end to his childhood happiness. On February 5, Charles received news that his father had been beheaded. He proceeded to ask everyone to leave the room. Failure overwhelmed him. He had tried to save his father many times. He burst into tears. A servant called him, Your Majesty. H e was sickened. The Scots proclaimed him Charles II. This proclamation defied the English Republic. Charles prepared himself to go to Scotland. There he was to form an alliance. He took the throne with great sadness. In 1651, Charles invasion of England ended in defeat. Charles II eventually got exiled. He became a fugitive. He was protected by many of his friends. In October of 1651, he escap ...

How to Decide if You Should Dropout of College

How to Decide if You Should Dropout of College Have you been considering whether or not you should dropout of college? If so, then you certainly are not alone there are millions of students each year who make the decision to quit college and many of them go on to lead happy and successful lives. However, it is certainly a big decision to make and it is not one that should be taken lightly. It is important to think about why you are considering dropping out and what you will do once you do. With that in mind, let’s take some time to explore a few of the advantages and disadvantages that come along with making the choice to dropout of college. When It Is a Good Idea to Dropout of College It is often the case that choosing to quit educational affiliation has a stigma attached to it that can make you feel like a failure. However, the reality is that studying at higher education institutions just isn’t right for everyone. Some people just don’t settle into student life and others are perhaps not ready and could benefit from taking a year or two out! There are certainly plenty of times when choosing to dropout can be the best option. With that in mind, let’s take a look at some of the advantages that come with choosing to dropout of college: No Student Debt – For some people, education just is not a good fit, and this usually becomes apparent early on. You could choose to stick it out and spend a few years being miserable, or you can accept the fact that student life isn’t for you and dropout. If you make this decision early enough, then you should be able to get out of your course before you have a chance to rack up any student debt! Make Money Instead of Spending It – Following on from the previous point, if you choose to dropout, thus avoiding student debt then you will have the opportunity to start earning money rather than spending it! Studying is expensive with the average undergraduate accumulating over $30,000 of debt! This means most young people find themselves held back when it comes to getting on the property ladder or even getting a car, because they have to pay off the student debts first! College Can Wait – One of the advantages to quitting college when you are just not feeling it is that the ability to get a degree will always be there. While it may be expected that you go to college right out of high school, there is no rule that says you have to stick to that schedule. It is becoming increasingly popular for people to return to education later in life so there is no reason to rush. Take Time to Find Your Niche – Choosing a major at an early age can be overwhelming. Many students leave high school with only a vague idea of the kind of career they wish to pursue. Often this can lead to people feeling like they made bad choice. If you feel like this, then dropping out is going to give you time to find your niche. Try out different jobs and explore your interests in order to gain a clearer picture of how your future should play out! When Dropping Out of College is a Bad Idea As with any decision in life, choosing to dropout of college has its downsides. As much as there can be advantages to dropping out, there are just as many disadvantages and it is important to take these into consideration before making a decision. Some of the most common cons of dropping out include: Some Industries Require Recognized Qualifications – In certain careers, it is going to be almost impossible to get your foot in the door never mind progress to a higher level if you do not have the appropriate qualifications. Practical experience can only take you so far before you need to back it up with a degree. If you do intend to drop out then be sure to find out if your chosen career is likely to be hampered by a lack of qualifications. You Will Have to Explain Your Decision – While this next disadvantage is not necessarily one which will have a big impact on your future career path, it is still an important one to consider. Dropping out of college is very much bucking the trend and many of your peers and family will not be pleased about your choice. You may find yourself having to constantly explain to people why you made this decision. Even potential employers will be curious to know why you did not complete your studies. Make sure you are clear about your reasons and this will make it easier to explain to others. You May Not Have Money at First – When you are in college it is likely that you will have some form of material help. However, once you drop out that stops and you will need to find a job. That could take some time, and you may need to start on the bottom of the ladder on little more than minimum wage. It is important to remember that you may well be short on cash so try to have a plan in place for what you will live on when you drop out. The last thing you want to do is get into debt when you have just avoided student loans! In Conclusion, there are lots of things to consider before you decide to officially dropout of college. One thing is clear, it is a decision that will be a very personal one and it is important not to get too bogged down in what is expected of you. Try not to think of dropping out as a shameful thing. There are as many advantages as there are disadvantages. In the end, all that really matters is coming to decision that is that makes you feel better. If that means you dropout of college than that’s perfectly fine, as long as your choice is reasonable.

Personal Philosophy paper Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Philosophy paper - Personal Statement Example However, sadly, the knowledge and the education that is being imparted in schools today is nothing but ‘ignorance’, because rather than making the students wise and happy, it is making them into robots who are hungry for ‘achievement’, ‘success’ and ‘power’. In today’s fast paced life and in hurry to reach the top, teachers have forgotten the real essence of education. Life is not about ‘power’ or ‘achievement’ but is about finding the unique purpose in life and in being happy and content. In psychologist Abraham Maslow’s words, life is about being a ‘self-actualized’ human being, i.e. achieving the highest potential that one is capable of achieving (Malsow, 1971, p.169). Today’s education system thinks that its job is complete by making students ‘qualified’ and ‘intellectuals’. However, the fact is that although educational qualification does help in achieving professional success, it is not enough to attain the complete potential in life. Hence, in my opinion, the purpose of education should be to mold the children into being wise, mature and intelligent human beings, rather than just making them ‘intellectual’ and ‘qualified’ human beings. The purpose of life has been a matter of interest for experts from different fields like psychology, philosophy, religion and spirituality. Different philosophical theories and ideas came into existence with the aim of making this world a better place to live and to help human beings attain happiness and bliss. However, as human being is not just an individual but is a part of the society, the attainment of satisfaction and happiness has become difficult for him. His actions and his behavior depend on people around him. Before taking any action, he spends a lot of time thinking about what others will say if he does it. Hence, human beings have lost touch with spontaneity and natural behavior. In an attempt to

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Assignment Example This is because in case Jill’s operating costs rise and is not able to sell product at high price in the market bank will have default risk and will also face potential payment risks by Jill. Second stakeholders are the employees which might be fired from job because the company might not need them for the more automated system of production. Also, employees with older skills of production might be affected as they will no more be suitable for the job of new production process. Next stakeholders to be effected are customers who might face the issue of high prices in case of high product cost to Jill. Company’s first aim is to cover their costs and hence if Jill’s costs rise with the new equipment it might price the product at a slightly higher price which might not be acceptable to the customers. Lastly, competitors would be affected by this action. This is because competitors might lack the new mode of production and hence they might not be able to produce effic iently compared to Jill’s company. At the same time competitors might also gain as in case Jill raises price of the product, competitors can increase their sales by keeping low price of their product. Changing production technology is what is of more concern and convenience to the internal management of any company and customers have nothing to do with it. So, Jill’s decision might have no effect on its reputation. Hence Jill should think of saving her costs rather than following her high cost passion blindly. (b) Ethics can be defined as any action which synchronizes with the generally accepted principles of right and abandons the wrong. Ethics in business follow the rule of true, accurate and complete information sharing among all the parties with the disclosure of benefits as well as risks of any project. In this case, benefits are being portrayed to the bank by Jill in a very reasonable manner but at the same time. CVP analysis and fixed costs control problem is hi dden by Jill because of the fear of not getting the loan from bank. Ethical concern in this case is the true and fair representation of information as the information provided by Jill to bank is not accurate and does not represent every side of the picture. Jill has highlighted the benefits of this project to the bank only in order to get the loan but has been hiding the information of high fixed costs due to this new production equipment. So, Jill has been showing the bank only the bright side of this project and ignoring the area which can bring concern to the management of bank. In this case, bank can be in trouble in future with a high risk of default in case Jill is not able to sustain profits with this new investment. So, Jill is unethically showing the wrong and incomplete side of the picture to bank. Â © I would think ethically and ensure that I share the full and accurate information with my bank. When we put a proposal in front of a third party who is going to put at stak e the money of another third party(bank’s customer) in our business, there is a need to be very sensitive towards all the two parties involved one directly and other one indirectly. So, I would ensure to share the complete results with my bank and appeal for loan. This is because being ethical is the major concern for any business and I would never like to be the reason of trouble for my stakeholders especially those who have invested their money and the

An Effective Manager of Home Depot Essay Example for Free

An Effective Manager of Home Depot Essay According to Robbins and Coulter (2005), effective managers all over the world acknowledge the role that strategic management plays in their organization’s performance. Moreover, Drucker (2004) said that the gauge of an effective manager or executive is the ability to get the right things done. This typically entails doing what other individuals have ignored in addition to avoiding what is unproductive. Imagination, intelligence, and knowledge might all be wasted in an executive job without the attained habits of mind that form them into results. I believe that Bob Nardelli is exhibiting these characteristics and management style of an effective manager as he leads Home Depot to become continually successful in its operations. As he triumphed over various problems in managing the company and a s a result oh his managerial strategy, Home Depot is now has now increased sales by 60 percent and earnings per share by 105 percent (Business Week Online, 2006). During his first day as CEO at Home Depot in the year 2000, the company has various problems to deal with, some of which, were as follows: it lacked the necessary infrastructure to send even a companywide electronic mail, Home Depot stores were already run-down and was being known as a store with poor customer service, the stores’ shipments were logged using pencil and clipboard, and Home Depot stores did not have automated inventory systems (Sellers, 2001). Being a visionary leader that he is, Nardelli believed that better processes must lead to better quality ad higher profits for Home Depot. He employed strategic management in planning to improve the company. As asserted by Robbins and Coulter (2005), the prevailing belief in management theory and society on the whole is that managers are completely responsible or accountable for an organization’s success or failure. However, Nardelli demonstrated that aside from the fact that much of an organization’s success or failure is because of external forces outside of the manager’s control, the manager has a big responsibility in making decisions for the success of the organization. A major component of Nardellis far-reaching move to reform Home Depot, which is considered to be the world’s third-largest retailer, into a more centralized company, include importing people, ideas, and platitudes from the military (Business Week Online, 2006). This might be an unwelcome concept in management circles; however, Nardelli couldnt care less. He believes that it is a vital aspect of his strategy to lead in a cumbersome 2,048-store chain and get ready for its next leg of growth (Business Week Online, 2006). In an uncertain and dynamic environment, real world organizations employ strategic decision-making when making decisions offers managers with a comprehensive and systematic means for taking into consideration the external environment, concentrating on an organization’s strength, reducing weaknesses, and recognizing opportunities in which an organization can have a competitive edge (Shafritz Hyde, 2004). As maintained by Holstein (2004), the Nardelli decision-making model might help create a pattern for other CEOs who have been extremely frustrated and disillusioned by their lack of success in harnessing technology. In transforming Home Depot to what it is now, Nardelli increased information technology spending by almost 20 percent (Sellers, 2001). Then in year 2003 Nardelli spent a total of $400 million on inventory shipping and tracking systems (Sellers, 2001). Aside from these, Nardelli also spent around $250 million refurbishing Home Depot stores (Pellet, 2001). This included the installation of self-checkout systems in 800 stores to lessen customer lines and ease up salespeople. This also included the establishment of two-way cordless scanners, which enabled products to be price-scanned in the shopping cart, in this manner shortening lines. Being an effective manager, he also paid attention to motivating the organization’s workers. Armstrong (2002) said that in providing rewards to employees, supervisors and managers should identify what rewards will succeed for specific employees at any given time. Even though supervisors and managers might not be able to have power over certain rewards like benefits or wages, they have the liberty to give out rewards like recognition and praise. In Home Depot, Nardelli instituted innovations in providing rewards and in human resource management. First, he substituted 157 different employee evaluation forms with two (Pellet, 2001). In addition, coworkers, above and beneath them, rated aalaried personnel from the CEO down and salaries were derived from the scores. Then during a period when Home Depot was planning to hire approximately 100,000 new employees, Nardelli did not automatically fire those employees with poor scores (Pellet, 2001). Nardelli first requested for the advice of others and informed underperformers precisely what they were doing wrong. This way, Nardelli showed that it is important for a manager to vigorously seek opposing opinions and inquire regarding the basis for those opinions before selecting a course of action is being stressed, instead of acting on the basis of tacit or pre-arranged agreement. Necessarily, this needs constantly listening with real curiosity so as to promote development of different opinions and supporting rationales, instead of merely setting forth suggestions and working to make agreement around them (Drucker, 2004). Furthermore, Nardelli seemed to follow step two in Peter Drucker’s model (204) that executives require both themselves and their staff or subordinates what they contribute presently to the organization and what they could contribute to the organization in the future. In Home Depot, Nardelli asserted that in spite of whether a person’s belief of what he/she now contributes, or could contribute, equals his/her managers belief, emphasizing and bringing out the importance of everybody’s role as a contributor is necessary to the organizations general effectiveness. In initiating change in Home Depot, Nardelli showed that everybody in the organization makes decisions; nevertheless, decision-making is specifically vital in a manager’s job. I think that he followed what Robbins and Coulter (2005) said that decision-making is part of all four managerial functions – planning, organizing, leading, controlling, and that decision-making is synonymous with managing. Holstein (2004) has written that when Nardelli joined Home Depot, the challenge of improving the company’s supply chain and logistics became apparent because the company is way behind other stores in these areas. Hence, he established a model called â€Å"full truckload to the store,† which means that the more you brought, the more it would oblige you to sell, since you get kind of jammed (Holstein, 2004). In terms of information technology, at Home Depot, Nardelli has established a system of checks and balances (Sellers, 2001). The manner is which Nardelli is managing the technological transformation is attracting attention and interest from other executives and managers. Sellers (2001) said that Nardelli has borrowed from the CE playbook to establish a system of checks and balances on how technology is managed, and Nardelli has likewise incorporated technology decisions deeply into his business strategy in runring and managing Home Depot. Furthermore, Nardelli likewise employed building deeper relationships with fewer vendors. As stated earlier, the Nardelli decision-making model might possibly help create a pattern for other CEOs who have been exceedingly frustrated and disillusioned by their lack of success in utilizing technology. In conclusion, in transforming Home Depot to become the earning company that it is now, I believe that Nardelli demonstrated that leadership is the capability to influence people or groups toward the accomplishment of goals. As a process, Nardelli showed that leadership forms the goals of an organization or group, inspires behavior toward the attainment of those goals, and helps characterize organizational or group culture; hence, it is fundamentally a process of influence. # References Armstrong, M. (2002). Employee Reward (3rd Edition), CIPD: London. Drucker, Peter. â€Å"What Makes an Effective Executive,† Harvard Business Review, Vol. 82, No. 6, June 2004. Holstein, W. (2004). â€Å"The Depot goes digital: how CEO Bob Nardelli is managing a $2 billion technology transformation,† The Chief Executive. Pellet, J. (2001). â€Å"Mr. Fix-It Steps In,† Chief Executive. â€Å"Renovating Home Depot. † (2006). Business Week Online. Robbins, S. , M. Coulter. (2005). Management, (8th ed. ). Prentice Hall. Sellers, P. (2001). â€Å"Exit the Builder, Enter the Repairman: Home Depots Arthur Blank Is Out. New CEO Bob Nardelli Is In. His Job: To Tackle the Companys Renovation after Two Decades of Nonstop Expansion,† Fortune. Shafritz, J. M. A. Hyde. (2004). Classics of Public Administration, 5th ed. Belmont , CA : Wadsworth/Thompson

Why AFI is the best band :: Music Performing Artists Persuasive Essays

"A Fire Inside, to me, means these three other guys who drink all the soymilk backstage before I get a damn drop of it." Jade Puget, the guitarist for AFI, jokes. AFI is the greatest band. Of course, the music is also great. Those factors are topped, though, by the hardcore dedication of their fans. AFI is composed of Davey Havok ? vocals, Jade Puget ? guitar, Adam Carson ? drums, and Hunter Burgan playing bass. Davey and Jade are both very funny and often make stupid statements and inside jokes that only a true fan would understand. ?Davey doesn?t watch the damn road when he?s driving.? Jade commented once. ?I?m sure if we crashed he would be fine and I would end up embedded in a tree. If her ever kills me with his driving, though, I?m gonna come back as a squirrel and run up his pant leg.? The band often references homosexuality in their quotes, but none of them are gay. The band gets along well, and gets along with their fans. AFI has released seven full-length albums, along with a number of EPs. Their music changes with every CD, sometimes drastically. The shift from their 2000 album ?The Art of Drowning? to their 2003 ?Sing the Sorrow? took the band in a completely different musical direction. Their style changed from old-school punk to more of a horrorpunk ? electrogoth sound. No matter what they decide to do with their music, though, they are extremely talented musicians and have never produced a bad album. What keeps AFI going the most, however, is the loyalty of its fans. The league of the followers that they have established is known as The Despair Faction. In the song ?Miss Murder?, The Despair Faction provides backing vocals. Hundreds of fans were invited to chant the ?hey? in the background of the chorus. AFI loves its fans, and even let some of them have a segment in their ?I Heard A Voice? DVD. They get to actively participate in the band?s music. Being an AFI fan is the greatest thing in the world.

Great Gatsby and Hamlet comparision Essay

Throughout both books GG and H, there are several discrepancies between appearances vs. reality. It appears that everyone is full of deception and ulterior motives. Tom, Daisy and Gatsby all appear innocent and happy from an outsider’s perspective but when given a closer look the imperfections shine bright†¦. Hamlet is based aroundcharacters that play their roles behind the veil of duplicity. Everything appears to be true and accurate, but in reality it’s vice-versa. Three of the main characters that hid behind the mask are Hamlet, King Claudius, and Polonius. From behind this mask, their appearance is genuine and sincere, whereas in reality, they’re plagued with lies. They often appear to be only one way whilst they really are something entirely different. By viewing the controversies going on in Denmark, it is justifiable to state that there is truly something rotten in the state of Denmark. BP#1 Polonius and Tom -P appears loyal; reality sly and selfish. P appears to care about his family when in reality he is only concerned of how his kid’s actions reflect back on him. Right before Laertes leave for France P â€Å"Neither a borrower nor a lender be: For loan oft loses both itself and friend; And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry.†This is typically fatherly advice, but later it is realized that P doesn’t trust L when he sends someone to spy on him. P actions may seem genuine but later they prove no more than P worried about his son’s reflection upon himself. -Like P, T appears to be a loyal man especially to his family, when in reality he is extremely disloyal to D. â€Å"Tom’s got some woman in NY†. Tom is not happy w his marriage as he feels the need to cheat. At the dinner table, D quickly brings up how she has a bruised finger and is in pain â€Å"That’s what I get for marrying a brute of a man, a great big hulking-â€Å". T has told D not to call him â€Å"hulking†, her defiance to her husband shows how unhappy she is w their marriage. Both P and T appear to be loyal from an outsider’s perspective but in reality they both portray selflessness and carelessness towards their families. BP#2 Claudius and Daisy -Claudius appears innocent, upset about his brother’s death and concerned for Hamlets well being. Claudius in reality is multi-faced and his ambition is to aquire the crown by killing his brother and marries his sister in law.  Claudius fears that H is going to discover what he has done and come after him. He investigates H madness by saying he is worries about H. â€Å"Whose whisper o’er the world’s diameter, as levels as the cannon to his blank transports his poisoned shot, may miss our name and hit the woundless air. Oh come away! My soul is full of discord and dismay†. D appears innocent and happy w her life; reality is she is married T because of status and is therefore unhappy. Even though she is unhappy w her marriage it is clear that status means a lot to her, especially when she is with Gatsby and he is showing her all his expensive items â€Å"It makes me sad because I have never seen such nice shirts before†. Daisy also says â€Å"Of love, of money, of unquestionable practicality† it was practical for her to marry T but this quote also suggests that T bought her. Both C and D married to achieve a higher status and for the betterment of themselves. They both achieved higher status and by doing this prove that they married out of greed than love. BP#3 Gatsby and Hamlet G appears rich, well educated (G believes that a man’s education is what categorizes the lower class from the upper class) and innocent; reality became rich through illegal means; bootlegging, is not educated and desperately wants D. â€Å"I’ll tell you Gods truth†¦I am the son of some wealthy people in the middle-west† as a result his family background is an ex. Of the false appearance G portrays. He mourns so deeply regarding the death of his father and his mother’s remarriage with his uncle that he appears insane, yet in reality he takes the advantage of his insanity to avenge his father’s wrongful killing. Another reason is, his love for Ophelia. He is deeply hurt due to the ignorance of Ophelia that he uses it to advantage, by showing hate towards her, in order to make others think that his madness is due to his rejected love. He uses his madness to manipulate and deceive the other characters, while in reality he is carrying out his master plan. He plays his role extremely well by showing his madness that he is able to convince Polonius that it’s all due to his rejected love, Ophelia. â€Å"He knew me not at first; he said I as a fishmonger: he is far gone, far gone: and truly in my youth I suffered much extremity for love; very near this.† –P is reporting to C that H is insane Both H and G are tragic heroes. Hamlets flaw being his procrastination and Gatsby’s flaw is his belief that you can  relive the past. Both characters are blinded by the thing they want most and the obsession with it fuels their actions causing both characters to take it so far that they end up hurting themselves and others around them in their recklessness.

Starbucks 7ms

Internal According to Reza and Saudah, organization used 7Ms which are management, manpower, marketing, method, machine, material and money as company input and fully utilize these resources will improve firm’s performance. The fundamental truth that called ‘The Right’ which is the right quality, the right quantity, availability at the right time, the right place, the right costs and the right information, would eventually lead to the costs increase or decrease of the company’s profit. (Silviu Crisan, 2011) One of the 7Ms is materials, it is already known that they are indispensable for the industry activity.The material from a firm can consist a major importance, meaning they are irreplaceable. The quality of the coffee bean is the most important to have a good coffee. Once the coffee that have been freshly roasted and ground, good water and brewing equipment free of oil residues from the last brew and the quality of the coffee beans makes a huge different . Starbucks coffee beans Starbucks’ commitment is to become the highest quality coffee in the world. Starbucks take a holistic approach to ethically sourcing coffee through responsible purchasing practices, farmer loans and forest conservation programs.When Starbucks buy coffee by this way, it helps create a long term supply of the high quality beans they have been carefully blending, roasting and packing fresh for more than forty years. Starbucks ensures the quality of the beverage in taste, temperature and appearance. All coffee must meet Starbucks high quality standard. The finest coffees are always handpicked because the machines only can do a decent job of shaking ripe fruit off coffee trees, but they are not discriminating as humans. After harvesting, the coffee cherries must be processed to remove the pulpy fruit outside and retrieve the two sought after seeds inside.Coffee cherries approaching the peak of maturity Different producers use different processing protocols which can affect flavor greatly. There are three types which are dry, washed and semi washed method to process. First, in dry processing, after the outer pulp is removed mechanically, the whole cherries are sun dried for 10 days to three weeks. The coffee will tend to be fruitier, rounder, fuller bodied and more complex because the bean is in contact with the pulp longer. This type of coffee is known as unwashed or natural, such as Brazil Santos, Ethiopian Harrar or Yemen beans.An alternative method, the just harvested cherries are transported to a processor, who skins the fruit mechanically to expose the sweet, sticky pulp. The beans are left to ferment in tanks for 12 to 18 hours, a step that helps to soften the pulp, and then washed and dried. The coffee will retain the most acidity. This method is called washed coffee, also is the most common fine coffee in the world. For semi washed beans, a variation of the washed technique, the pulp is removed mechanically, omitting the ferm entation step.This technique saves water but do not allow the processor to enhance flavor through fermentation. The coffees are relatively richer and earthier flavor. Finally, the coffee beans will be sorted by size, density and color and then graded, then go to roaster. Starbucks is sticking with its rule which is hard to remember and will break down under the weight of their own complexity, they focus on just two drinks at a time to reduce possibility for errors, customers will have to wait longer for their drinks. Consequently, customers can get the high quality coffee every time but just need to wait longer.Besides, over the years Starbucks has launched several initiatives to decrease the environmental impact of its disposable cups. Since 2009, Starbucks hosted a Cup Summit to bring together all facets of its paper and plastic cup value chain to find agreement on criteria for a comprehensive recyclable cup solution. Recyclable cup Reducing the environmental impacts of cups depen ds on the success of two interrelated efforts. First is developing recyclable cup solutions and secondly dramatically increasing customers’ use of reusable cups such as umbler or mug. With environmental and marketing issues, Starbucks offer a 10 percent discount when customer use their own reusable mugs or tumblers for their beverage in stores in the US and Canada, RM2 discount in Malaysia. Starbucks tumbler and mug Furthermore, Starbucks offer Starbucks Card to earn free drinks and gifts such as Starbucks year planner. Starbucks grab its market share by customer loyalty through promotions such as discount and limited edition gifts. Starbucks Card Starbucks year dairy plannerAccording to Forbes 2012, Starbucks introduce single serve coffee machine which using Swiss engineered high pressure technology called Verismo to allow customers make their own lattes at home with real milk. Verismo features three different pod types which are espresso pod, coffee pods and milk pods that can be combined in a number of ways to make own custom drinks. The chief executive of Starbuck, Howard Schultz mentioned do not have any competitor can make a latte with fresh milk just similar quality with a single cup machine. Verismo one cup coffee machineStarbucks is trying to capitalize on the popularity of single cup coffee machines, Verismo that use K cups, sealed plastic cups that contain ground coffee in a single filter. The president for channel development and emerging brands at Starbucks, Jeff Hansberry stated in 2011, more than $8 billion of machines and cups were sold worldwide and every three coffee machines, more than one is single cup machine. The key element of an organization is not building or a set of policies and procedures but is made up of people and their relationship with one another.A firm exists when people interact with one another to perform indispensable functions that helps achieve goals. Management recognizes the significance of manpower with most ne w approaches plan to empower employees with better opportunities to learn and contribute as they work together toward universal goals. (Richard L. Daft, 2009) Starbuck treat its employees as partner. Starbucks have built a solid foundation on the direct and open relationship that they share with partners and their legacy of providing employees with a positive workplace. In addition, working at Starbucks is a lot like working with friends.Starbucks believes that keeping each other informed is understanding and respect each others, so the senior leader hold the open forum to answer the juniors questions regularly. The Starbucks total pay package is called ‘Your Special Blend’ because it is just for you as employee. This package include competitive pay, insurance, bonuses, paid time off, retirement savings plan, stock options and discounted stock purchase plan, adoption assistance, domestic partner benefits, emergency financial aid, referral and support resources for child and elder care, also a free pound of coffee each week and discounted merchandise at Starbucks.Moreover, there are various partner clubs and networks that help employees share interest and find life balance which include recreational athletic leagues, foreign language clubs and parenting resources. Due to the health care is important to the employees, Starbucks offers comprehensive benefits packages to eligible partners working at least 20 hours per week. Starbucks was named to FORTUNE’s ‘100 Best Companies to Work For’ list for 14th time in 2012, from previous rank 98 move up to rank 73.The reason Starbucks was recognized as a great place to work for is they made treating their partners with respect and dignity one of its guiding principles. There are more than five hundred professionals working in the finance group at Starbucks, in fields such as accounting, business unit finance, corporate development, finance services, internal audit, investor relations, tax and customs, treasury and risk management and safety and security. Full year financial results in 2012Starbucks total net revenue increased 14% attaining a record $13. 3 billion. The company opened 1063 net new stores globally. Starbucks returned approximately $1. 1 billion to shareholders through share repurchases and dividend payments. Starbucks 2013 goals are open 1300 net new stores globally, representing 22% growth over fiscal 2012 and around 10-13% revenue growth. Starbucks Coffee Company has agreed to acquire Teavana Holdings in $620 million all cash acquisition.Starbucks and Teavana will jumpstart the next wave of growth in this dynamic category, leveraging Starbucks core competencies of real estate, design and store operations and intergrading these with Teavana’s world class tea authority, global sourcing capabilities, merchandising and best in class retail store unit economics. Furthermore, Startbucks plan to continue to grow and extend Teavana’s successful 200 mall based stores as well as add high profile neighborhood store concept that accelerate Teavana’s domestic and global footprint based on Starbucks existing infrastructure.Teavana Holding According to Gibbons, since 2008, Starbucks simplifying the complex structure it so that every job fell into one of the four basic supply chain functions which are plan, source, make and deliver. In planning sections involved its production planning, replenishment or new product launches. However, sourcing events were gathered by two areas which are coffee and non coffee procurement. For instances, Starbuck spends US$600 million on coffee every year and purchase non coffee procurement such as diary, furniture and paper goods US$2. billion annually. Furthermore, all manufacturing whether done in house or by contract manufacturers which are dispatched to be make functional unit. Finally, personnel working in distribution, transportation and customer service were appointed to the deliver gr oup. The chair, president and chief executive of Starbucks, Howard Schultz mention the management changes come less than a year after Starbucks reworked its leadership structure into three operating model that focuses on North and Latin America, Asia and Europe or Africa or the Middle East. Lisa Jennings, 2012) This rearrangement will let the company to better deliver on local relevancy and velocity of decision making. The leadership moves Starbucks announced that they more swiftly position themselves for the exciting opportunities ahead while never losing sight of the fact that they are a global brand with a rich heritage in coffee, long standing values and the responsibility to use their scale for good. Starbucks use 3-M framework which are Megaphone, Magnet and Monitor.Megaphone represents firm to customer communication, Magnet refers to customer to firm communication and the Monitor defined customer to customer interaction. (John G. and Sam R. , 2012) Starbucks had enhanced on t he business measures by excelling in operations management. The quality and taste of coffee, the people serving the coffee and the experience in the retail stores are the reasons customers loyal to Starbucks. Starbucks improve productivity and profitability, then regain its market share. Paryani, 2011) According to Xing Zheng, Starbucks attracts consumers and increases their loyalty through offering Starbucks experience satisfied in psychology and emotion and creates extraordinary coffee brand. Starbucks’ supply chain transformation had support from the very top. For Starbucks far flung supply chain, the creation of a single global logistic system is very vital. Generally Starbucks brings coffee beans from Latin America, Africa and Asia to United States and Europe in ocean containers. References Chris Barth, 2012.Starbucks’ New Verismo Machine Sinks Green Mountain. Will You Buy It? Forbes. http://www. forbes. com/sites/chrisbarth/2012/09/20/starbucks-new-verismo-machin e-sinks-green-mountain-will-you-buy-it/ [Accessed 1 November 2012] James A. Cooke. 2010. From bean to cup: How Starbucks transformed its supply chain. Supply Chain Procurement. Accessed through http://www. supplychainquarterly. com/topics/Procurement/scq201004starbucks [Accessed at 27th October 2012] John Gallaugher and Sam Ransbotham, 2012. Social Media and customer dialog management at Starbucks. Open Journal Systems. e-journal] MIS Quarterly Executive. [Accessed 3 November 2012] Li Ying Ming. Adjustment of Enterprise’s Marketing Strategy in the times of experience economics. Journal of Human Institute of Engineering. Accessed Through: http://en. cnki. com. cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-GCHS200504004. htm [Accessed 3 November 2012] Lisa Jennings, 2012. Starbucks makes major management changes. Restaurant News. Accessed Through: http://nrn. com/article/starbucks-makes-major-management-changes [Accessed 1 November 2012] Megan McArdle, 2012. Starbucks put quality over quantity. The

Health, Safety And Enviroment Managment Example

Health, Safety And Enviroment Managment Example Health, Safety And Enviroment Managment – Admission/Application Essay Example Part One: Introduction The necessity for expertise informs my choice to study the at undergraduate level at the British Currently, I have served as a senior safety personnel in oil and gas refinery for more than 10 years. My future career goals are to contribute to the efforts aimed at promoting health, safety, and environmental quality at local, national, and international levels through knowledge acquired during the study. I intend to apply knowledge gained from the course to help address environmental concerns in the organization and country. As an expert in health, safety, and environment management, I intend to engage in sensitization of world population on the necessity to promote environmental conservation of vital natural resources. I intend to use my expertise to promote occupational safety in industrial and business premises through advocacy for appropriate legislations and in the future positions in which I will serve. Furthermore, I intend to engage in activities that ens ure public health is promoted especially in impoverished and low-income members of the society.Part Two: ExpectationsMy experience at the university was great and conformed to the expectations of gaining knowledge in my area of specialization. The institution has well-equipped resources including classrooms and a modern library. Furthermore, social interaction with the staff and students was commendable because I attained their assistance. There are sociable lectures and cooperative students. I was worried about my advance age but it turned out my colleagues have no problem interacting with me. Besides, our relationship is friendly. Although it has been a long since I was in class for long hours studying, I adapted and currently feeling comfortable learning and attending several lectures. I can spend long attending classes.During my first week in the degree subject module, I was not very comfortable in class because of the long time spent while attending class. That was because I ha ve been in employment for nearly ten years without attending classes. I also experienced challenges following the timetable. I sometimes confused the classes and even lecture halls during my first weeks at the university. The module handbooks help me plan for my classes. It has since helped me avoid the confusion I had last time in classes. I have been able to access MyBeckett, online through the University website. My experience at British University is exceptionally great and I expect to achieve my visions in the University.

Parts of the Body for English Learners

Parts of the Body for English Learners The words below are the most important words used when talking about all things related to the body. All of the words are categorized into different sections of the body such as the torso, head, legs, etc. Youll find example sentences for each word to help provide context for learning. There is also a list of body movement verbs including which body part completes each action.   The Body - Arms and Hands elbow - Dont jab your elbow into me. It hurts!finger - He pointed his finger at her and shouted I love you!index finger/middle/little/ring - Many people wear their marriage band on their ring finger.finger nail - Have you ever painted your finger nails?fist - Make your hand into a fist and then pound it on the table for more food.forearm - You should put some sunscreen on your exposed forearm.hand/left and right - I write with my right hand. That makes me right-handed.palm - Show me the palm of your hand, and Ill read your future.thumb - Our thumb might be the most valuable digit we have.wrist - Thats a beautiful bracelet on your wrist. The Body - Heads and Shoulders chin - He has a very strong chin. He should become an actor.cheek - She brushed her daughters cheek and sang a lullaby.ear - You need to clean out your ears! You cant hear anything.eye - Does she have blue eyes or green?eyebrow - Jennifer spends a lot of time making her eyebrows stand out.eyelash - She has very thick eyelashes.forehead - Look at that forehead. He must be a genius.hair - Susan has light brown hair and blue eyes.head - His head is rather large, isnt it?lip - Her lips are like soft pillows.mouth - Hes got a big mouth!neck - I love her long neck.nose - Shes got a beautiful petite nose.nostril - He flairs his nostrils when he is angry.jaw - You chew your food with your jaw.shoulder - Dennis had broad shoulders.tooth (teeth) - How many teeth have you lost?tongue - Stick your tongue back in your mouth!throat - The beer flowed down my throat easily on the hot day. The Body - Legs and Feet ankle - Your ankle connects your foot to your leg.calf - Her calf muscles are very strong from all the running.foot (feet) - Put your shoes on your feet and lets go.heel - As you walk down the hill, dig your heels into the dirt to help balance you.hips - I think Ive put some weight onto my hips. Im thick around the waist.knee - Your leg bends at the knee.leg - Put on your pants one leg at a time.shin - Be sure to protect your shins when you play soccer.thigh - His thighs are huge!toe - A toe is like a finger on the foot.toenail - She likes to paint her toenails pink. The Body - The Trunk or Torso bottom - Your bottom is used for sitting.chest - He has a broad chest because he swims a lot.back - Are you experiencing any pain in the back?stomach - Im eating too much and my stomach is growing!waist - She has a slim waist and will fit into anything! All Parts of the Body blood - The hospital needs more blood.bone - Our skeleton is made of bone.  hair - Its amazing how much hair is on the floor after a haircut.muscle - You should always stretch your muscles before you go running.  skin - Make sure to put on sunscreen to protect your skin.   The Body - Verbs Here is a list of verbs that are used with different parts of the body. Each verb is listed with the specific body party part which completes the action. blink  Ã‚  Ã‚  eyesglance  Ã‚  Ã‚  eyesstare  Ã‚  Ã‚  eyeswink  Ã‚  Ã‚  eyepoint  Ã‚  Ã‚  fingerscratch  Ã‚  Ã‚  fingerkick  Ã‚  Ã‚  footclap  Ã‚  Ã‚  handspunch  Ã‚  Ã‚  handsshake  Ã‚  Ã‚  handsslap  Ã‚  Ã‚  handssmack  Ã‚  Ã‚  handsnod  Ã‚  Ã‚  headshake  Ã‚  Ã‚  headkiss  Ã‚  Ã‚  lipswhistle  Ã‚  Ã‚  lips/moutheat  Ã‚  Ã‚  mouthmutter  Ã‚  Ã‚  mouthtalk  Ã‚  Ã‚  mouthtaste  Ã‚  Ã‚  mouthwhisper  Ã‚  Ã‚  mouthbreathe  Ã‚  Ã‚  mouth/nosesmell  Ã‚  Ã‚  nosesniff  Ã‚  Ã‚  noseshrug  Ã‚  Ã‚  shouldersbite  Ã‚  Ã‚  mouthchew  Ã‚  Ã‚  mouthstub  Ã‚  Ã‚  toelick  Ã‚  Ã‚  tongueswallow  Ã‚  Ã‚  throat

Impact on the LGBTQ Community Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Impact on the LGBTQ Community - Research Paper Example This proposition includes the provision Section 7.5 of the Declaration of Rights to the California Constitution. It basically mandates that only marriages between a man and a woman can be valid in California. This provision has been met with mixed reactions among advocates of gay marriage, and from those who basically disagree with the provisions of this law. This paper presents a testament to the prevalence of prejudice of programs and laws directed at eliminating prejudice or improving minority experience. This study shall consider Proposition 8 and analyze its efficacy using empirical and theoretical evidence. This program is ineffective because it increases the risk of prejudice against the LGBTQ community, and its provisions are basically discriminatory against this community’s right to marry. More details on this discussion are specified below. Body Literature Review Different studies have been carried out on Proposition 8 and its prejudicial impact on the LGBTQ communit y. ...  They were also ambivalent about the impact of the proposition on their relationships with friends, family, their co-workers, and their partners (Maisel and Fingerhut, 2011). The campaign was able to establish opportunities for both support, as well as stigmatization. In effect, the results manifest the impact of campaigns on the outcomes, and on targeted individuals. Fingerhut, et.al., (2010) discussed that political debates and policies which pertain to same-sex marriage have psychological and social impacts on same-sex couples, as well as to their families and friends. Their study sought to advance literature on these impacts. The study revealed an international, interdisciplinary and methodologically diverse collection of research which discusses the social and psychological effects on marriage amendment policies; on civil marriage compared with other statuses for same-sex marriage in other countries; and on how anti-gay marriage initiatives impact on heterosexual allie s and intergroup relations (Fingerhut and Riggle, 2010). In general, this study was able to establish that different approaches and different groups set forth findings which basically support the notion that denying civil marriage has significant public health implications as well as policy implications.

Cultural Event Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10

Cultural Event Report - Essay Example This exhibition is still in progress, having been scheduled to start from March 1st, 2012 to July 13th, 2012. The exhibition itself featured pieces titled, The Star-Sequined Banner: the Flag Which Inspired the US National Anthem and New Acquisition: The BMI Archives Confederate Music Collection. Â  The attendees of the exhibition are me and my friends who are my classmates as well. My initial-most reaction while in the museum was amazement as I got acquainted with the fact that museums could also serve as a vast repository of valuable historical, cultural, political and academic material culture, artifacts and points of references. This shifted my inchoately formed previous opinion of libraries being the main source of these data. The first object of the exhibition is a 30 by 34 ft flag that is almost 200 years old. It is the first item that one encounters upon entering the exhibition hall and is valued because it is reminiscent of the Battle of Baltimore. It is this battle that ins pired and emboldened one of the fighters and statesmen Francis Scott Key to write the lyrics to the American Anthem. This exhibit is located on an interactive table and is presented in a tactile image that gives visitors the chance to analyze key details on the flag, and relevant details such as how it was made. Â  In light of these details, it is clear that the exhibition mainly aims at reiterating the values of the flag as a family souvenir of the 19th century, the harbinger of patriotic ideals and national cohesion and as a legitimate symbol of national unity, having been preserved from as early as 1907 by this Smithsonian Institution. Alongside the viewing of these details, visitors are also helped by an instructor who recounts the history of the flag in four phases. The other item, The New Acquisition: the BMI Archives Confederate Music Collection features a compendium of musical materials that were published during the Civil War by the Confederacy. The relevance of this piece is that by analyzing these sheets of music lyrics, documentaries and imagery, one is able to glean into the values, beliefs and mindsets that their creators and consumers had embraced. Interestingly, a keen observer will note that most of the songs and sentiments expressed in these sheets are similar to those that had been embraced by the Union. The import of this is that both the Union and the Confederacy agreed ideally on almost everything, except slavery. In summation, the exhibition will for a long time serve as a stark reminder of America’s historical heritage, given that the exhibits presented serve as reminders and teachers of America’s history. The same event also challenged me to reconsider the depth of my patriotism, having realized that American fathers paid a heavy price for America’s freedom. Â  

The Melody of the Nightingale - an Existential Pathway for Finding Essay

The Melody of the Nightingale - an Existential Pathway for Finding Peace - Essay Example With that said, a close look will be taken into John Keats’ â€Å"Ode to a Nightingale† to highlight his version of transcendent beauty and define how he struck out against the oppression of the aristocracy. The wind blows softly in the distance, rustling autumn leaves across the dirt path. Small, broken branches are strewn about, as if from a recent storm, but the dirt is dry and blows little dust tunnels at the slightest provocation. In eight stanzas, the â€Å"Ode to a Nightingale† by John Keats sets a reader up in this little moment in time to exhibit the pristine beauty of the nightingale in contrast with the harsh reality of his world. Using the power of poetry, Keats is able to become one with the nightingale, to cast off his world of death and despair and enjoy the beauty of the melody for its enchanting quality of escape. In fact, the very â€Å"act of writing the poem has already allowed him to join the nightingale† (Minahan 173). But, by the fin al stanza, his imagination is such that he is struck by a newfound despair when the object of his words takes flight and leaves him. To understand the speaker of the poem’s true despair and the beauty he finds from the melody of the nightingale, an explication will be taken into the words of Keats’ poem as he takes his reader on an emotional journey while highlighting the enchanting power that nature has in enabling the foundation of inner peace. It’s painful, so beautiful a melody that the speaker of the poem is struck by a profound pang upon hearing the nightingale’s song. It’s as though he is experiencing a â€Å"drowsy numbness [that] pains/[his] sense† (lines 1-2). He compares the sound to drinking hemlock (line 2) or taking opiates (line 3) and gives his reader a vision of him staring up at the beautiful nightingale, cursing it for its unendurable ability to be outside his current reality and at peace in some transcendent dimension. By the middle of the stanza, the speaker of the poem is studying the nightingale with solicitous eyes, noting that it must be through â€Å"some melodious plot† (line 8) that the aria can achieve such divine beauty. For the speaker, such a carefree attitude seems an impossibility—an incongruous aspect shining inconceivably in a futile and oppressive world. By the second stanza, the speaker is searching for an intoxicant to escape into the world of the nightingale and enjoy a similar untroubled life. He calls for a â€Å"beaker full of the warm South† (line 15) to immerse himself in a figurative and literal sense, into the song of the nightingale. His mind lingers over the â€Å"beaded bubbles winking at the brim† (line 17) that he could become one with nature, allowing him to â€Å"fade away into the forest dim† (line 20). In the third stanza, he is taken over by the promise of his intoxicant, waiting to leave behind â€Å"what thou among the leaves has never known† (line 22). In words tainted by despair, he defines this world as one full of sorrow and strife, with â€Å"weariness†¦fever†¦and fret† (line 23), one in which man endures the suffering of illness, hardship, and worry until, in the end, his life culminates in a thankless death. It is a world that beauty cannot even see, where the nightingale â€Å"cannot keep her lustrous eyes† (line 29). It is a world only glimpsed through the melodious chimes of the

The Strategies To Maintain Building Efficiently Construction Essay

The Strategies To Maintain Building Efficiently Construction Essay Introduction Building maintenance management has always been seen as the Cinderella activity in the construction industry where we shall be continuously done the maintenance work. The maintenance work has always been seen and carried out by the architects, surveyors, engineers or facilities managers in term of function or discipline (Allen, 1993). The maintenance has been required starting from the construction work at the first stage, where the significance of maintenance was not recognized because most early structures were massive, overdesigned, made from natural materials, in an unpolluted atmosphere and wore out very slowly (Allen, 1993). When the maintenance was required, the individual owner was carried out and the maintenance was executed but in term of management is not properly done. The maintenance management was necessary when the advent of landlord-tenant relationships and together with the growth and spread of the population (Allen, 1993). Normally, property owners always endeavor to keep their building maintenance expenditure in the minimum cost but the building must be in good condition and well-maintained (Seeley, 1976). The building maintenance is highly desired but hardly achievable to produce where the maintenance-free, although many work can be done during design stage to minimize the cost of maintenance work. According to the Building Maintenance by Seeley, the building deteriorates at a greater or lesser rate depending on the materials and methods of construction, environments and the use of the building (Seeley, 1976). 2.0 Definition of efficiency and building maintenance The word of efficiency can be defined as an important quality because all ideas are scarce such as time, money and raw material, so they try to keep them while maintaining an acceptable level of output or a general production level. The efficiency would be reducing the amount of waste inputs (n.n. 2012). There many definition of maintenance can be defined. British Standard (BS 3811: 1964) defines maintenance as work undertaken to keep or reinstate every facility that is every part of a site, building and contents to an acceptable standard (British Standards Institution 1964) . Besides that, maintenance can be defined as the improvement of any facilities including every part of a building, services and surrounding according to an adequate standard in order to sustain the value of building facility (Allen, 1993). 3.0 Types of maintenance According to British Standard Institution, maintenance divided into planned and unplanned maintenance where there have preventive and corrective in planned maintenance and unplanned same as an ad-hoc basis because uses when necessary. Planned preventive maintenance is working direct in order to prevent the failure of facility where the maintenance done within the expected life of facility to ensure the facility can be operation continuously (Seeley, 1976) . Planned corrective maintenance where the work performs in order to restore any facility to operation or acceptable standard and unplanned maintenance where we were unpredicted the unforeseen breakdowns or damage occurred by external causes (Seeley, 1976). 4.0 Strategies to maintain building efficiently Building maintenance is an important thing where to preserve the building in its initial stage of the construction. Furthermore, the execution of building maintenance allows the building to operate effectively. The building shall be maintain in order to make sure the building can be retain investment value, an acceptable condition and required standard, looking good appearance of building, generate income for building owner and conserve historical and architectural values of building (Ali et al. 2010). There are some strategies to ensuring the efficiency in building maintenance practices which is; Work schedule Computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) Involvement of Building Maintenance Profession during Design Stage Outsourcing 4.1 Work Schedule In future, more people are demanding in term of building care where they are wants their building facility always in good condition and well-maintain. For more efficiency in building maintenance, any property management shall be having work schedule for contractor to maintain each of equipment or building facility. In the building maintenance management process, every organization has their objective in order to success in maintenance work and they were determines the effectiveness of implementation in term of maintenance plans, schedules, controls and improvements (MÃ ¡rquez et al. 2009) Besides that, any organization also can produced checklist for building maintenance such as checklist for air-conditioner, mechanical and electrical, water supply and others. So, when there have several checklists at the particular area, the maintenance workers are easy to do their job where they were just going to the particular area and check any equipment through the checklist whether there have equipment breakdown or not. With have a checklist, the maintenance workers will know when the next checking for that building to do maintenance. Checklist schedule can be done in daily, weekly and monthly based on type of maintenance facility or equipment. It will be more efficiently to the maintenance workers to do their job. 4.2 Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) Next, strategies to maintain the building efficiently is using the computerized maintenance management system (CMMS) where this system is software that contains the information about companys maintenance operations. This system is useful to the company because it will help their maintenance worker to handle the maintenance job become more efficiently (Herbert W. Stanford III, 2010). Other than that, CMMS also can help them to saving the data about maintenance operations where the maintenance worker will alert on the schedule for their inspection on the building maintenance area such as mechanical and electrical equipment, air conditioner, water supply and others. They are also will know when there have some equipment were breakdown or who the maintenance worker was responsible for the job (Ruud, 2009). Normally, CMMS used by companies which have high standard for their maintenance work. In CMMS, there have some package offer included which are a work orders, preventive maintenance, asset management and inventory control. All programs will be easily for maintenance workers to do their job such as scheduling maintenance procedures, tracking relevant information, keeping track of preventive maintenance components and procedures, recording data about equipment, management of tools, materials and others (Herbert W. Stanford III, 2010). 4.3 Involvement of Building Maintenance Profession during Design Stage The design of building structures is an important thing because at initial stage of the construction, the building maintenance profession shall be involved in order to make sure the suitable building design to be designed by architect. The building maintenance profession is not only involved during the construction completed but they shall be involved before the construction start. So, they can consult with the architect to do the suitable design in term of long-term planning and a long-term maintenance on which are predicted by them (Allen, 1993). After the construction is completed, the building maintenance profession is easily to do their maintenance works because the architect are design the building structure according to their planning. When the design of structure is an efficiently, its required to be understands the way how to be used and maintained the building structure. 4.4 Outsourcing Any organizations in the world try looking for new approaches in outsourcing to maintain the building facility or equipment or develop competitive advantage (Campbell, 1995). By outsourcing a particular area of building maintenance to other organization, the in-house organization can maximize their return because their management will be more efficient. Outsourcing also will be an effective way in order to reduce costs, free-up capital and improve quality and service, but outsourcing cannot be seen as an automatic way to be success (Campbell, 1995). Outsourcing also known as contract maintenance where there have a survey done by FM Link, the contracting for unskilled or semi-skilled services such as landscape services and housekeeping was very high which is 65-75%, the use of outsourcing for preventative maintenance was much lower which is 50% or less and for public owners, public schools, universities and others the use preventive maintenance was below 20% (Herbert W. Stanford III, 2010). There are some benefits of outsourcing because these benefits are related to the quality of the products and services provided to the customers (Campbell, 1995). There are some benefits enjoy by organizations which are: Contractors will be performed a good services where they were might be has more specialized the equipment and allowed the contractor to provide a good quality and service at a lower price. When do the outsourcing, the organization may provide a greater flexibility because the outsourced organization are able to operate their maintenance works according to their own plan. The supplier will enjoy personnel depth and sophistication in technical knowledge in particular area and support more specialized proficiencies. When the outsourcing strategy in well-planned, the approaches which can deliver a competitive advantage by allowed company to focus its resources on their business. 5.0 Conclusion As a conclusion, to ensuring the efficiency in building maintenance practices, the approaches will be used in this building maintenance management is expected to reduce the building maintenance costs, to improve the health, safety and satisfaction by the users. All strategy or approaches in building maintenance are easily to the maintenance workers do their job and become more efficiently. When they are doing their maintenance works according to the schedule, then the works become more save the time, the equipment always in good condition, the checklists will be done by the maintenance workers and others. Other than that, the strategy will be used in building maintenance management to ensure the performance of the maintenance works is well-maintained. The maintenance works must be effective and the most important thing is efficient.

Outlaw Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone Now Essay example -- Argument

Outlaw Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone Now    For a moment, put yourself in John Elway's shoes. Imagine getting paid thousands of dollars to do a milk promotion. Now, would you still do the promotion if you knew the milk had come from a cow injected with hormones? The use of rBGH, Recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone, has become a concern in the dairy industry. The controversy is over whether or not the hormone is harmful to the cows and people. In animals and humans, there is a growth hormone produced. This protein hormone, produced in the pituitary gland, is fundamental for normal growth, development, and health maintenance. It was discovered sixty years ago that by injecting cows with GH, the growth hormone extracted from cattles' pituitary glands, milk production was increased. Using recombinant DNA processes, it became technically possible and economically feasible to produce an abundance of rBGH, which is essentially the same as pituitary derived bGH (Rachel. "Report..."). On November 5, 1993, the United States Food and Drug Administration, FDA, announced rBGH safe for use in milk cows. In February 1994, Monsanto, a chemical company, began selling its version of the drug to dairy farmers. Their form of the drug was to increase milk production by 5% to 20% (Rachel. "Hormones..."). The Consumers Union, an independent, nonprofit testing and information organization serving only consumers, made claims and presented evidence that byproducts of the hormone treatment are weighable in milk and are not safe for humans or the cow ("About..."). Today, the Consumers Union wants genetically engineered milk to be labeled so that milk consumers are able to make an informed choice about the milk they are purchasing (Rachel. "Ho... ...tp://www.enviroweb.org/issues/biotech/bgh/nogood.html, December 12, 2000. "Monsanto." Monsanto.com. [online], Available: http://www.monsanto.com/, December 13, 2000. Rachel. "Hormones in Milk: No Right to Know". RACHEL'S Hazardous Waste News #381. [online], Available: http://rachel.enviroweb.org/rhwn381.htm, March 17, 1994. Rachel. "Trouble with Milk." Milk. [online] Available: http://www.gn.apc.org/inquirer/milk.html, February 29, 1996. "Report on the Food and Drug Administration's Review of the Safety of Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin." Report on the Food and Drug Administration's Review of the Safety of Recombinant BGH. [online], Available: http://www.biotechknowledge.com/showlib_us.php3?1308, January 21, 1999. "We're Starting a Food Fight!" Ben & Jerry's rBGH. [online], Available: http://www.benjerry.com/bgh/index.html#what, January 7, 1997.

It301 Unit 5

Jason Combs Unit 5: Comparison of Quality Philosophies IT301: Project Management I Professor Cyntia Glenn Cotton October 23, 2012 Unit 5: Comparison of Quality Philosophies Philosophy Matrix Dimension| Deming| Juran| Crosby| PMI|Quality Definition| Needs of customers| Fitness for use| Comply to the requirements| Conformance to requirements| Quality System| 14-pt Philosphy-A recipe for total quality| Trilogy-Optimize the process| Plan the quality| Prevention| Performance Standard| PDCA/PDSA Deming Wheel| SuccessFormula| Quality assurance| Zero Defects| Quality Measurement| Kaizen| Excellence to Process Perato Principles| Cost of quality| Cost of non-conformance| Role of Top Management| Consistently improve quality| Speaks in the language of dollars| Leadership| Leadership and participation| Role of the Worker| Self improvement| Speak in the language of things| Participation| High level involvement| In the world of quality, there are three great contributors that helped revolutionize a nd evolve the quality movement. These three gentlemen were W. Edwards Deming, Joseph Juran, and Philip Bayard Crosby. All three of them concentrated on quality in the manufacturing and industrial businesses, yet each of their philosophies are dissimilar.Their contributions to the quality movement can also be applied to other business sectors, such as the information technology field. In order to discuss quality, we will need to explore each of their philosophies and how they relate to one another and additionally, how they contrast with one another. While there are indeed three great contributors, this paper will focus primarily on Philip B. Crosby's philosophies, and thus, be biased towards him. Quality Defined One of the contributors, Joseph Juran, wrote a publication called Quality Control Handbook. Juran's definition of quality is â€Å"fitness for purpose† (Juran, 2010). Fit for purpose means every service and/or product from a company must satisfy the customer’s need with little to no failure.Juran’s vision on quality was based on the concept of implementing quality initiatives and quality management being defined by the consumer. This philosophy is similar to W. Edwards Deming's point of view as organizational â€Å"transformation† for quality. This process led to Juran dividing this concept into two categories: Product features that meet customer needs and freedom from deficiencies, which defines quality as reducing costs and improving standards. Therefore, Juran defines quality by implementing continuous improvement workers need to have training in proper methods of a regular basis, being understood from the perspective of the customer.Similar to Juran, Deming emphasized on prevention rather than fixing as the key to quality. Quality System Similar the philosophies of Juran and Deming, Philip B. Crosby utilized a principle he called DIRTFT (Doing It Right The First Time). Just like Juran and Deming's prevention philosophies , DIRTFT prevented problems by simply doing it right to begin with. Crosby defined quality as conformance to requirements (which are both the product requirements and the customer's requirements). This was a part of the quality system that Crosby developed, which had four parts. The first part is described above, which is how he defined quality. The second part is that the system of quality is prevention.The third part is that the performance standard is zero defects, as is related to the requirements. The fourth and last part is the measurement of quality is the price of nonconformance. Crosby's belief was that a business that had a quality system in place would see savings returns that paid off the cost of the system itself, or more simply, â€Å"quality is free. † The system that Juran came up with consisted of the Quality Trilogy, which involved three main parts. These parts are quality planning, quality control, and quality improvement. In these three areas, the system i nvolved identifying, developing and optimizing, and demonstrating continuous improvements.Deming, on the other hand, had a system he established using a fourteen point formula which recognized the purpose toward improvement, leadership, and training, as well as taking actions to ensure a successful process improvement. Standards of Performance Crosby's performance standard consisted of having a zero defect approach, which meant everyone involved (supplier and customer included) must understand. Crosby defined zero defect as not being a literal zero defect (as that is not always possible), but rather producing goods or services within agreed upon tolerances and requirements for quality and costs. Juran had a four step formula when it came to performance standards: establish goals to be reached, establish plans for these goals, meet the goals, and rewards based on results achieved.Deming had a process called the Deming Wheel, which was an adaptation of the PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, and A ct) Problem Solving Cycle. To break it down, Plan involved designing components to improve results, Do employed the plan, Check evaluated the measurements, and Act made decisions based on the changes needed to improve the process. Quality Measurements Juran's perspective on quality was based on five general measures, the measures being the cost of poor quality, defects, product/process features, customer needs, and customer behavior. Deming's measurements were based on the Kaizen approach, which involved the evaluation of each operation including performance, the raw materials used, processes (manual and machine) and the output(s).Kaizen is an objective to attain improvement continuously. Cosby's philosophy of do it right the first time enforces consumers to spend more money on preventing failure and less on fixing failures. His quality measurements are based on the Cost of Quality, which has just two components: the cost of good quality versus the cost of poor quality. While it cos ts money to achieve quality, it costs even more money when that quality is not achieved. Management's Role Juran viewed the role of management to encompass all processes, especially in services versus products. His focus on quality improvement was in three parts, the first being a program to address random problems.The second part was a program to address chronic or reoccurring issues, and the third part was an emphasis on annual quality programs. Deming's philosophy was that all employees within a business are responsible for quality management and improvements. The management must adapt to quality, and lead the company towards improvement as well as be involved in all aspects of the quality improvement processes. Crosby, meanwhile, viewed the role of management at the top, and had a strong emphasis on increasing profits through quality improvement. His concept reflected in his fourteen step quality improvement program, which begins with Step One: Management Commitment. Therefore, management must be commited towards quality from the top down. Workers' RoleJuran believes that the role of the workforce is to be involved in quality improvement teams. Deming believes that all workers need to be educated on quality techniques, and they need to have responsibility to prevent defects. Crosby's concept in the workers' role deals with just a small amount of responsibility. However, workers should take pride in having quality workmanship and still assume responsibility for their quality. Conclusion Juran's quality philosophy falls in line with the Project Management Institute, which involves similar actions in regards to planning, assurance, and control (PMBOK, 2008). Deming emphasizes quality through statistical process control.Crosby's model of quality was always directed at creating a zero defect mentality which establishes an atmosphere of pride in workmanship while assuming responsibility for quality. References Institute, P. M. (2008). A Guide to the Project Mana gement Body of Knowledge. (4th edition). Newtown Square: Project Management Institute Project Management Institute. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge(PMBOK-Guide)– Fourth Edition (2008). Juran, Defeo â€Å"Quality Control Handbook. † (2010). Retrieved 10/23/2012 from http://books. google. com/books? id=JPCz0LoMnLsC&pg=PA5&lpg=PA5&dq=joseph+M+Juran+-+%22fit+for+use%22&source=bl&ots=968XivvXtO&sig=eNbFuq-Ztkn8ULZwK7bfJw5y7aM&hl=en&ei=ubul

First Amendment to the United States Constitution Essay

We live in a society where we pride individuality and staying true to who we are, but contradictingly enough we have large numbers of minorities being discriminated for being who they are. Racism being a strongly relevant issue, even in our day and time, doesn’t get dealt with as seriously as it should. Charles R. Lawrence III takes a firm stand addressing this issue arguing that racist speech should be regulated in universities rather than be protected by the first amendment. He claims that universities need to regulate racist speech in order for their students to really receive the equal educational opportunity they deserve. Getting rid of racist speech would be the only way to give all students the equal opportunity to learn and participate in their university. Lawrence makes strong claims in his argument; however, a lot of his argument is supported through his writing techniques. Charles Lawrence in his argumentative essay â€Å"On Racist Speech,† implements emotion-provoking diction, subtle figurative language and a thoughtful use of detail in order to effectively dispute the need for the regulation of racist speech. In his essay, â€Å"On Racist Speech,† Lawrence argues that universities should regulate racist speech. He points out that when racist speech involves insults, catcalls or assaultive speech, it becomes â€Å"fighting words,† which have been declared by the Supreme Court to not be protected under the first amendment of free speech. Lawrnence argues that racial insults shouldn’t be protected by the first amendment anyway because, the speakers intentions aren’t to â€Å"discover the truth or to initiate dialogue, but to injure the victim†. He also says that the need for regulations on racism advocated under the university’s responsibility to offer equal educational opportunity. Students don’t have the equal opportunity to learn and participate when they are crippled by the fact that at any time they could be struck with verbal harassment or assault. Lawrence offers a counterargument saying how free speech is the lifehood of our democratic system and that it is impossible to outlaw racist speech without suppressing other kinds of speech necessary for our democratic society Using certain words with specific emotional appeal, Lawrence effectively draws emotion out of the reader and strengthens his argument putting the reader at an emotional, personal level with the argument. For example, he first mentions how â€Å"we will be forced to combat [bad speech]† (51). He specifically chooses to use â€Å"combat,† a word with a far more aggressiveconnotation and weight, rather than a more passive word such as address. By doing so Lawrence expresses to the reader the urgency and grave seriousness of the situation; how racist speech is an actual, reckonable force that nees to be contended with. Also, he depicts the matter to be a â€Å"cry† from â€Å"victims† with â€Å"injuries† and â€Å"burdens,† all words with implied emotional context (51, 54). Just by picking certain words, Lawrence successfully uses pathos, pulling the emotions out of the reader and making them feel pity for the minorities. Ultimately with the right words, Lawrence makes the minorities more than just demographics; they become a group of people pressed under injustice and in need of help. He essentially, uses diction to play the readers heartstrings in a manner to make them feel sympathy for the minorities and further sway the reader to support his argument. Lawrence implements figurative language providing material from which the reader can mentally draw an image or feeling from, by which he further intensifies his argument, and ultimately making it more real and relatable. For example, he describes racism to have â€Å"rising flames† in the beginning of his essay (51). He draws a parallel between the situation of racist speech and an out of control fire. By painting such a strong image, he expresses the severity of the issue as well as how it must be addressed urgently. Rising flames aren’t something to shilly shally around with; likewise, neither is the problem of racist speech. Another example is when he describes the â€Å"use of words as assault weapons† (54). By comparing words, simple means of expressions, to assault weapons, firearms meant to hurt, he suggests the brutality of the issue. By putting racist speech next to weapons of destruction, Lawrence effectively shows how racist speech has actual ramifications that hurt and damage others. Also by giving this comparison, he’s able to put a nasty, cruel feeling in the reader’s mind, a feeling that would really stick with them. Lawrence’s use of figurative language proves to be very effective in getting to the reader, because it puts images, and consequently feelings, in the readers mind. He manages to give actual substance to the argument, substance the reader can see or feel. Lawrence sensibly avoids expounding upon the particulars of â€Å"racist speech,† which would have added smaller, more complicated arguments, and ultimately added extra baggage that could turn away readers. Touching upon sensitive issues of racism and free speech, he already packs a heavy load of content for the reader to digest and reflect upon. If he were to add more with what he believes racist speech should be defined as, he would risk losing readers, and not just to an overload of content. By providing a set definition, Lawrence would basically just be throwing out one more thing for the reader to possibly disagree with. Would his definition be too strict, he’d lose some rather more lenient readers and vice versa. Asserting more of his opinion would have created more room for disagreement with the reader, especially when discussing such touchy subjects. Drawing boundaries of racist speech would have just made his controversial essay more controversial. Lawrence having already sensitized the reader talking about â€Å"racial violence† on â€Å"victims† with â€Å"injuries† and whatnot, portrays his argument to be more than just a cold expression of his opinion. Having evoked the reader’s emotions, he had to consider them, making sure not to say something too sensitive that would really strike the reader. By leaving the definition open to the reader, not only does he allow the reader to create their own stand on the issue, where they could personalize it and make it relatable to their lives, but he avoids coming off as overbearing which would have been a clear turn off to readers. Also, by steering clear of precarious details, Lawrence is able to really stick the nitty gritty to the reader and just get his argument out there and heard to a wider array of audiences. Lawrence effectively uses rhetorical devices such as diction, figurative language and details in favor of his argument to regulate racist speech. As serious and urgent Lawrence calls for the regulation of racist speech is, realistically it seems impossible. â€Å"Racist speech† is far too subjective of a matter to have any form of regulation. Plus, it would be impossible to outlaw racist speech without suppressing other speech. That however, does not dismiss the issue. We should rather confront the issue on smaller levels and address it from the source—ourselves. Simply if we were all to simply just stop making or encouraging racist remarks, whether that be indirectly or just for laughs, there would no need for racism to be regulated. If we all were to progress to be accepting of all races, racism would just plainly be a thing of the past.